Tuesday 14 March 2017

Concept of Universal Basic Income (UBI) in India

The Economic Survey 2016-17 tabled in Parliament has advocated for the concept of Universal
Basic Income (UBI) as an alternative to the various social welfare schemes in an effort to reduce
poverty.

It suggests that a more efficient way to help the poor will be to provide them resources directly,
through a UBI. It will be an efficient substitute for a plethora of existing welfare schemes and
subsidies.

What is Universal Basic Income (UBI)?

A basic income is a form of social security in which all citizens of a country regularly receive an
unconditional sum of money, either from a government in addition to any income received from
elsewhere. It is based on the principles of universality and unconditionality. However, it forfeits
other government aided benefits. Recently, government of Finland announced the introduction of a
trial for UBI involving 2,000 unemployed people. In June 2016, Swiss voters in referendum had
overwhelmingly rejected proposal to introduce basic income for all.

Survey’s justification for introduction of UBI

Promoting social justice, reducing poverty, unconditional cash transfer that lets the
beneficiary decide how she uses the money, employment generation by promoting labour
flexibility.
It will bring in administrative efficiency as a direct cash transfer through JAM (Jan Dhan-
Aadhar-Mobile) platform.
It will be more efficient as compared to the “existing welfare schemes which are riddled with
misallocation, leakages and exclusion of the poor.
It can help to achieve considerable gains in terms of bureaucratic costs and time by replacing
many of these with a UBI.

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