- Tamil Nadu, India's cultural capital was formerly known, as Madras State
is located in southeast India.
- Tamil Nadu is 11th biggest, sixth most populous, and fourteenth most literate state among 29 Indian states.
- TN is fourth biggest contributor to the country's tax revenue and is the second largest contributor to India's GDP.
- It is the second most industrialised state next to Maharastra.
Location :Tamil Nadu is bounded on north by Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, on the west by Kerala, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, and on the south by the Indian Ocean.
- It is bounded by the Eastern Ghats on the north, by the Nilgiri, the Anamalai Hills, and Kerala on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the east, by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait on the southeast, and by the Indian Ocean on the south.
- Kanyakumari, the southern most tip of the country and the voluminous confluence of the Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea is a part of the state.
- Tamil Nadu was ranked as the third most developed state in India based on a "Multidimensional Development Index" in a 2013 report .
- Tamil Nadu is 11th biggest, sixth most populous, and fourteenth most literate state among 29 Indian states.
- TN is fourth biggest contributor to the country's tax revenue and is the second largest contributor to India's GDP.
- It is the second most industrialised state next to Maharastra.
Location :Tamil Nadu is bounded on north by Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, on the west by Kerala, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, and on the south by the Indian Ocean.
- It is bounded by the Eastern Ghats on the north, by the Nilgiri, the Anamalai Hills, and Kerala on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the east, by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait on the southeast, and by the Indian Ocean on the south.
- Kanyakumari, the southern most tip of the country and the voluminous confluence of the Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea is a part of the state.
- Tamil Nadu was ranked as the third most developed state in India based on a "Multidimensional Development Index" in a 2013 report .
The State of Tamil Nadu has a hoary antiquity.
The southern states of India were under the hegemony of the Cholas, the Cheras and the Pandyas for centuries.
The Pallavas held supremacy from about the second quarter of the fourth century A.D. They were the originators of the famous Dravidian style of temple architecture. At the end of the 11th century, Tamil Nadu was ruled by several dynasties like the Chalukyas, Cholas and Pandyas. In the two centuries that followed, the imperial Cholas gained paramountcy over South India.
The Portuguese, the Dutch, the French and the English came in quick succession and established trading centres known as 'Factories'.
- East India Company, which had established its factory at Masulipatnam (now in Andhra Pradesh) in 1611, gradually annexed territories by encouraging enmity among the native rulers.
- Tamil Nadu was one of the first of British settlements in India. The State is the successor to the old Madras Presidency, which covered the bulk of the southern peninsula in 1901.
- The composite Madras State was later reorganised, and the present Tamil Nadu was formed.
Language.
- TAMIL
- Tamil is the 15th most spoken language in the world. Tamil language speakers make approximately 1% of the world population.
- Tamil is spoken in Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and Andaman Nicobar Islands.
- Countries with Tamil as official langauge : Singapore and Sri Lanka.
- ASEAN is also having Tamil as its official langauge.
- The month of January is celebrated as the Tamil Heritage Month by Canadians in Canada.
Agriculture
- Agriculture is the major occupation in Tamilnadu.
- Major forest produces are timber, sandalwood, pulp wood and fuel wood.
-Tamilnadu occupies a premier position in the production and extensive application of bio-fertilizers.
-Tamil Nadu was India's fifth biggest producer of rice.
- Tamil Nadu is also a leading state in the production of flowers with the total production of horticultural crops.
- The main flowers grown in Tamil Nadu are jasmine, chrysanthemum, marigold and rose.
- Tamil Nadu's sugarcane yield per hectare is the highest in India
- Dr M.S. Swaminathan, known as the "father of the Indian Green Revolution" was from Tamil Nadu
- Coimbatore is often referred to as the "Manchester of South India" due to its cotton production and textile industries
- Tirupur is the country's largest exporter of knitwear. for its cotton production.
- The region around Coimbatore, Tirupur, Karur and Erode is referred to as the "Textile Valley of India"
- Madurai is known for its Chungidi cotton sarees and Bhavani for its cotton carpets
-Kanchipuram and Arani are world famous for their pure silk sarees and hand loom silk weaving industries.
- TN accounts for 70 per cent of leather tanning capacity in India.
Automobiles.
- Chennai is known as the Detroit of India.
-Major global automobile companies including BMW, Ford, Robert Bosch, Renault-Nissan, Caterpillar, Hyundai, Mitsubishi Motors, and Michelin as well as Indian automobile majors like Mahindra & Mahindra, Ashok Leyland, Hindustan Motors, TVS Motors, Irizar-TVS, Royal Enfield, MRF, Apollo Tyres, TAFE Tractors, DaimlerChrysler AG Company also invested (₹) 4 billion for establishing new plant in Tamil Nadu.
- Karur is a hub for Bus body building industries.
Economy.
- Tamil Nadu is the second largest contributor to India's GDP.- Tamil Nadu is the most urbanised state in India (49 per cent), accounting for 9.6 per cent of the urban population while only comprising 6 per cent of India's total population.
- It ranks third in foreign direct investment (FDI) approvals (cumulative 1991–2002) of ₹ 225,826 million ($5,000 million), next only to Maharashtra and Delhi constituting 9.12 per cent of the total FDI in the country.
Heavy Industries.
- India's leading steel producer, the state-owned Steel Authority of India has a steel plant in Salem.
- Coimbatore is also referred to as the "the Pump City" as it supplies two thirds of India's requirements of motors and pumps.
- Bharat Heavy Electricals, one of India's largest electrical equipment manufacturing companies, has manufacturing plants at Tiruchirapalli and Ranipet.
Tourism.
- The Brihadishwara Temple in Thanjavur
- Gangaikonda Cholapuram built by the Cholas,
- Airavateswara temple in Darasuram and the Shore Temple, along with the collection of other monuments in Mahabalipuram (also called Mamallapuram) have been declared as UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- Rameshwaram temple walk-ways corridors are the longest 1.2 km (0.75 mi) of all Indian temples.
- Hills. The Nilgiri hills, Palani hills, Shevaroy hills, Kolli Hills and Cardamom hills are all abodes of thick forests and wildlife. - Tamil Nadu has the largest numbers in medical tourism in India.
- Marina Beach in Chennai is one of the longest beaches in the world.
TO BE CONTINUED ...In PART 2...
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