1. The Defence Acquisition Council, chaired by Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar, cleared proposals worth Rs 1,900 crore (close to $3 billion), including for an electronic warfare system for low-intensity conflict in Jammu and Kashmir. The electronic warfare system is worth Rs 330 crore.
The council has also cleared a proposal to buy Rs 405 crore worth of anti-tank guided missiles for training purpose of the army.
The naval dockyard at Mumbai will get a repair facility for Scorpene submarines at the cost of Rs 725 crore. Defence shipyard Mazagon Dock is constructing six Scorpene submarines for Indian Navy.
The DAC has also approved a weapons repair facility at Port Blair at a cost of Rs 450 crore. All these approved proposals will be executed under 'Buy India' by Indian contractors.
2.France’s recent arms sale to India is not in itself a game changer in South Asia’s balance of power, but, coupled with the United States’ decision to cut military assistance to Pakistan (Delhi’s arch rival), it is doomed to produce some aftershocks in the region’s defense dynamics.
India secured 36 Rafale multi-role fighters from France’s aircraft manufacturer Dassault Aviation; an $8.8 billion deal was signed by French Defense Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian and his Indian counterpart Manohar Parrikar on September 23, after almost 18 months of quarrels over the contract terms.
The first delivery is expected by September 2019 and all jet fighters will be at disposal of the Indian Air Force (IAF) within six years.
It took 16 years for an Indian government to fulfil the commitment to reinforcing the national air force with new generation fighters.
The new arms sale arrangement highlights a breakthrough in the Indo-French defense relationships. Apart from Delhi-Paris joint cooperation to manufacture six Scorpene submarines, from 2000 to 2015 France provided India with military items worth $715 million, as opposed to $966 million in military goods that Pakistan bought from French defense producers. It is worth saying that between 2011 and 2015, Islamabad received only $24 million in military-related supplies from France, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) reports, signaling a shift in the French defense manufacturers’ business opportunities from Islamabad to Delhi.
3.The Unites States Department of Defence has given a $81 million contract to Boeing for the supply of all-weather, over-the-horizon, Harpoon anti-ship missiles to India.
According to the contract details, Boeing has been awarded $81,271,024 for firm-fixed-price modification to a previously awarded firm-fixed-price contract to exercise an option for the procurement of 22 Lot 89 Harpoon missiles, associated containers and components for the Government of India under the Foreign Military Sales program.
The missiles will be manufactured at several places in the United States, with the majority of them being in St Charles, Missouri. Some manufacturing process would also be done in the United Kingdom.
The missiles are expected to be ready in June 2018.
4.India and United States (US) Joint Military Training Exercise Yudh Abhyas 2016 concluded at the Chaubattia Military Station in Ranikhet, Uttarakhand. The bilateral military exercise was the twelfth edition in the YudhAbhyas series which started in the year 2004 under US Army Pacific Partnership Program. This was the third time the exercise is being conducted at Chaubattia in Uttarakhand.
5.India and France has signed an Inter-Governmental Agreement for the purchase of 36 Rafale fighter jets at a cost of 7.87 billion Euros. The deal was signed by Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar and his French counterpart Jean Yves Le Drian. Eric Trappier in New Delhi. This is the first fighter aircraft deal signed by India with other country since the purchase of Sukhoi aircrafts from Russia in the late 1990’s.
6.The eighth edition of joint military exercise ‘Indra-2016’ between India and Russia held in Russian city of Vladivostok. The main focus of this edition of bilateral military exercise is on Counter-Terrorism Operations in semi mountainous and jungle terrain under United Nations Mandate.
7. Indian Air Force (IAF) has successfully fired recently acquired long range air-to-air MICA missile from Mirage-2000 Upgrade combat aircraft on a manoeuvring target. During the test, the missile achieved a direct hit on a target which was much smaller than an actual aircraft and flying at a low altitude. With this success IAF has become one of the few air forces in the world that have capability of launching such beyond visual range (BVR) air-to-air missile. Mirage-2000: It is a single-engine fourth-generation jet fighter manufactured by France’s Dassault Aviation. The upgraded Mirage 2000 fighter jets are fitted with the Thales RDY 2 radar, new avionics, helmet-mounted display. They have ability to fire new weapons including BVR MICA, Meteor missiles
8. India and Israel jointly developed most advanced long range surface-to-air missile (LR-SAM) Barak-8 was successfully test fired off the Odisha coast. The missile was test fired from a mobile launcher at the Integrated Test Range in Chandipur in Balasore district in Odisha.
About Barak-8 missile
9. China and Russia have carried out joint naval exercises dubbed as Joint Sea-2016 in the resource-rich South China Sea (SCS) off China’s southern Guangdong province. The exercises follow a spike in tensions after Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague rejected China’s claims in the SCS and slammed it for causing environmental damage there.
Key Facts
10. Indian Navy’s indigenously built most Advanced Guided Missile Stealth Destroyer ‘Mormugao’ was launched in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The bedecked ship was launched by Navy chief Admiral Sunil Lanba’s wife Reena at a function at Mazagaon Docks.
Key Facts
11. The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) has commissioned well-equipped offshore patrolling (OPV) vessel named ‘Sarathi’.
It was commissioned by Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh and Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar at Goa Shipyard Ltd (GSL) shipyard at Vasco in south Goa.
Key Facts
12. India, Kazakhstan joint bilateral military exercise PRABAL DOSTYK-16 began in Karaganda region of Kazakhstan. The fourteen day (till 17 September 2016) will be a significant step towards fostering military as well as diplomatic ties between both countries.
‘Prabal Dostyk’ means ‘Robust Friendship’
Key Facts
13. The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) has successfully conducted a technical flight of the new indigenous Light Utility Helicopter (LUH).
The flawless test was conducted by HAL engineers and technicians in the air for 15 minutes inside the HAL complex in Bengaluru, Karnataka.
Key Facts
Note: HAL has already developed four highly popular models of helicopters under its belt.
Its product range includes, Dhruv Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH), multi-role seven seater Chetak Helicopter, Light combat helicopter (LCH) Cheetah and Lancer, anti-insurgency, close air support chopper.
14. The Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited (GRSE) has handed over Tihayu, a Water Jet Fast Attack Craft (WJFAC) to the Indian Navy. The warship was handed over to the Indian Navy’s Commanding Officer Cdr Ajay Kashov by Rear Admiral (Retd) AK Verma, CMD of GRSE.
About WJFAC TIHAYU
14. The Indian Army has set up Army Design Bureau (ADB) in an attempt to indigenise procurements and reduce import dependence.
It has been established as part of the government’s ‘Make in India’ initiative and will integrate various stake holders in its long-term requirements.
About the Army Design Bureau (ADB)
15. India and the United States have signed Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA) that will enable both countries to use each other’s bases for repair and replenishment of defence supplies.
The agreement was signed after Indian Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar met his US counterpart, Secretary of Defence Ashton Carter in Washington, D.C.
The logistics agreement signed was based on the memorandum in principle reached between two leaders in April 2016.
What is LEMOA?
Under LEMOA
Note
What is CISMOA?
CISMOA Communications Interoperability and Security Memorandum of Agreement will allow the US to supply India with its propriety encrypted communications equipment and systems. Thus, it will allow to secure peacetime and wartime communication between high-level military leaders on both sides.
CISMOA will also extend this capability to Indian and US military assets, including aircraft and ships. So far US has blocked sale of some of its advanced technologies and sensitive equipments to India on account of non-signing this agreement.
What is BECA?
BECA Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement for Geo-spatial Cooperation would facilitate exchange of geospatial information between India and US for both military and civilian use.
16. India has signed a defence deal with United States worth over $1 billion to purchase four additional Poseidon-8I (P8I) long-range maritime surveillance and anti-submarine warfare aircraft. This deal is a follow-up order to the eight P-81 aircrafts that are already bought by India in a direct deal with Boeing’s Indian subsidiary in 2009.
The acquisition of additional four P-8I aircraft will give the Indian Navy much-needed punch to build up its naval surveillance capabilities.
About Poseidon-8I (P8I) aircraft
The P-8I is a long-range anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance aircraft. The P-8I is a variant of the P-8A Poseidon that Boeing is developing for the US Navy. It is capable of broad area, maritime and littoral operations. It is equipped with the sophisticated Harpoon missiles, lightweight torpedoes and rockets. The Indian Navy is the first international customer for the P-8I. Indian Navy has been using the P-8I to keep watch over the Indian Ocean. The P-8I fleet of Indian Navy is based at naval air station Rajali in Arakkonam, Tamil Nadu.
17.Tata Advanced Systems Ltd (TASL) and US-based Bell Helicopter have signed a deal to jointly develop the helicopter market in India. The agreement seeks to support of India’s aviation and defence modernization initiatives with an emphasis on ‘Make in India’. Under this agreement Both companies will jointly develop the helicopter market in India, including potential production and assembly, training, maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO). They will also undertake research and development (R&D) and technology sharing. They will develop both commercial and government (including military) rotary wing markets in India.
About Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL)
18. The Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) successfully conducted proof firing tests of Armament system for 155 mm x 52 calibre New Advanced Towed Artillery Artillery Gun System (ATAGS). The tests were conducted as part of technical trials at Proof & Experimental Establishment (PXE) in Balasore, Odisha.
Key Facts
19. INS India, the base depot ship of Indian Navy at New Delhi celebrated its 75th anniversary (Platinum Jubilee) on 13 July 2016. As a run up to celebrate this grand occasion, a series of events were organised.
A Health Run and a Dream Walk was organised.
A blood donation camp was also organised.
About INS India
INS India was established as HMIS Health Management Information System (India in 1941 as small unit with a complement of just a handful of officers and sailors.
It was rechristened as INS India on 26 Jan 1950.
The base depot ship has the privilege of being the Flagship of the Chief of the Naval Staff.
It is now a major establishment in New Delhi with a plethora of duties and responsibilities.
It provides administrative and logistics cover to all officers and sailors borne in Naval Headquarters and other units at Delhi. During 75 years of transition of INS India, the establishment has seen as many as 32 Commanding Officers.
20.The Supreme Court of India has ruled that army and paramilitary forces cannot use excessive and retaliatory force during counter-insurgency operations in disturbed areas declared disturbed under the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA), 1958. The verdict was given by SC bench of Justice Madan B. Lokur and Justice Uday Umesh Lalit on the plea filed by the Extra Judicial Execution Victim Families Association (EEVFAM). In the plea EEVFAM had sought a SIT probe into the killing of 1,528 persons by the Manipur Police and security forces since 1978. Supreme Court Ruling The use of excessive force or retaliatory force by the armed forces of the Union or Manipur Police is not permissible. Criminal courts have the jurisdiction over cases of alleged excesses by security forces which earlier were under blanket of immunity provided by AFSPA. Armed forces should refrain from resorting to excessive fire power in counter-insurgency operations. When state uses such retaliatory force leading to death of people, it is referred to as an extra-judicial killing or an extra-judicial execution or as it is called administrative liquidation.
21. The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has signed Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) with IIT-Bombay and Madras to establish a bi-nodal ‘Centre of Propulsion Technology’ (CoPT) at the two institutions. The initiative is aims to achieve synergy between DRDO and IITs for channelising the research efforts for developing products and related critical aerospace technologies. Key Facts The Centre will evolve mechanisms to facilitate execution of programmes related to propulsion technology. It will engage both IITs as primary research nodes. It will also undertake advanced collaborative research in the areas of critical defence technologies. It will facilitate and undertake multidisciplinary directed research in the focused areas of futuristic aero engines, hypersonic propulsion for long duration flight.
22. World’s largest international maritime exercise named RIMPAC (Rim of the Pacific) 2016 held in Pacific Ocean at Hawaii, United States.
RIMPAC 2016 will see participation of navies from 26 countries. This year it is the 25th edition of biennial exercise in the series that began in 1971.
RIMPAC 2016 Theme: “Capable, Adaptive, Partners”.
Key Facts
About Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) Exercise
23.Indian Navy has launched INS Tarasa, the fourth and last ship in the series of the Water Jet Fast Attack Craft (WJFAC).
It is being built by Kolkata (West Bengal) based Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd (GRSE), for the Indian Navy. The WJFACs are ideally suited and used for interception of fast-moving surface craft.
About INS Tarasa
24.The first squadron of indigenously designed and manufactured Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas was inducted into Indian Air Force (IAF). State-run Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) handed over the first two Tejas aircrafts to IAF as part squadron at the Aircraft System Testing Establishment in Bengaluru. Key Facts The first squadron of LCA Tejas has been named as ‘Flying Daggers’. Its base will be located in Sulur, Tamil Nadu. It will have total 20 aircrafts, including 4 trainers. However, the two aircrafts will be operated initially by the squadron at Bengaluru for nearly two years. Remaining 18 aircraft including 4 trainers will be inducted at Sulur base in 2018. About LCA Tejas Tejas is a single-engine lightweight multi-role fighter jet. It has been pegged as world’s smallest and lightest supersonic fighter. It is outcome of India’s LCA programme, which began in the 1983 to replace country’s aging MiG-21 fighters. It is a tailless and having compound delta wing design. It is powered by a single engine. It is mounted with inbuilt MultiMode Radar (MMR), Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) systems. It is equipped with a quadruplex digital fly-by-wire flight control system in order to ease handling by the pilot. LCA Tejas has a limited reach of a little over 400-km. It will be mainly used for close air-to-ground operations. Note: LCA Tejas is not the first indigenous fighter to be inducted into the IAF. In April 1967, IAF had formed the first operational squadron with the indigenous HF-24 Marut fighter.
25.India’s first integrated Defence Communication Network (DCN) was launched by Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar in South Block, Delhi The network will enable India Army, Air force, Navy and the Special Forces Command to share situational awareness for a faster decision-making process. Key Facts DCN is the largest single satellite network in the Indian Defence Forces, spread across the country. It is a strategic, highly secure and scalable system. It has has a pan-India reach from Ladakh to the North East to island territories. The tri-communication network makes voice data and video data accessible to the three services over a secured network. It has been designed, developed and deployed by the information technology services, distribution and digital solutions firm HCL Infosystems. It is capable of working on both terrestrial as well as satellite mode of communication and has also been fixed onboard different military vehicles. HCL Infosystems has had a long association with the Indian Defence sector. The company has closely worked with the Indian Air Force (IAF) to deploy AFCEL (Air Force Cellular Network) and Air Force Network (AFNet). AFNet: It is the first network of its kind for Indian armed forces which interlinks major installations throughout the country on a high bandwidth network and incorporates latest traffic transportation technology in the form of Internet Protocol.
26.The medium range surface-to-air missile missile (MR-SAM) developed jointly by India and Israel was successfully test-fired. During the test, the missile was launched from a mobile launcher in the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipur, Odisha. After getting signal from the radars, the missile successfully intercepted a moving aerial target supported by unmanned air vehicle (UAV) ‘Banshee’. Key Facts The MR-SAM has been developed jointly by Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL), a laboratory of the DRDO in collaboration with Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI). The missile consists of Multi-Functional Surveillance and Threat Alert Radar (MF-STAR) system for detection, tracking and guidance. The MR-SAM has strike ranges from 50 to 70 km. Once inducted into Indian Armed forces, it will provide the users capability to neutralise any aerial threats. Earlier in December 2015, Indian Navy had successfully test launched the long range surface-to-air missile (LR-SAM), also developed with Israel’s assistance. The test was undertaken on the Western Seaboard by INS Kolkata.
27. ndigenously-built heavyweight anti-submarine torpedo Varunastra has been successfully inducted in the Indian Navy. With this India becomes one of the eight countries in the world to have the capability to design and build such anti-submarine torpedo system. Key Facts The Varunastra torpedo has been developed by Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL), a premier laboratory of DRDO. It weighs around 1.25 tonnes and carries about 250 kg of explosives at a speed of around 40 nautical miles an hour. It has almost 95% indigenous content. It is capable of targeting stealthy and quiet submarines, both in deep and littoral waters in intense counter-measure environment. It has advanced autonomous guidance algorithms with low drift navigational aids, insensitive warhead which can operate in various combat scenarios. It has integrated instrumentation system for recording its all the dynamic parameters in case of emergency shut down or malfunction. It has a GPS-based locating aid which is a unique feature in contemporary torpedoes in the world. The torpedo can be launched from Delhi, Kolkata, Teg, Talwar and Kamorta classes of warships. Torpedo: It is a self-propelled weapon with an explosive warhead. It is launched above or below the water surface and propelled underwater towards a target. It is designed to detonate either on contact with its target or in proximity to it
28. India became the 35th full member of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR).
About Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
29. BrahMos Aerospace for the first time successfully demonstrated integration of the world’s most formidable supersonic cruise missile system BrahMos on the Sukhoi SU-30 MKI fighter aircraft.
The powerful supersonic BrahMos missile will enable the IAF to penetrate deep inside the enemy territory to deliver a deadly blow to their vital installations from stand-off ranges.
The Sukhoi-BrahMos combination will also help IAF to carry out air combat operations within and beyond visibility range.
About BrahMos missile
BrahMos supersonic cruise missile has been designed and developed by BrahMos Aerospace, a joint venture of India and Russia.
Missile’s name has been derived from the names of two rivers, India’s Brahmaputra River and Russia’s Moskva River.
Features:
30.The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) chaired by Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar has given its approval to for the purchase of 145 Ultra-Light Howitzers (ULH) guns from the US. The procurement of ULH will be through the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) route from the US and it will cost around 750 million dollars.
As part of this deal, 25 ULH guns will come to India directly from US in a fly away condition.
Rest will be assembled in India at the proposed Assembly Integration and Test facility (AITF) for the weapon system in partnership with Mahindra and Mahindra Company.
Ultra-Light Howitzers (ULH) Guns
Defence Acquisition Council (DAC):
31. The Indian Air Force (IAF) created history by inducting 3 women fighter pilots for first time. These three women fighter pilots are Bhawana Kanth, Avani Chatuvedi and Mohana Singh.
They were officially commissioned as fighter pilots in the IAF in presence of Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar at a ceremony held at Air Force Academy, Dundigal, Hyderabad.
32. India, Japan and United States (US) navies have kicked off 2016 MALABAR trilateral naval Exercise near South China Sea. This year it is the 20th edition of the naval exercise in which over 100 aircraft and 22 naval ships including a nuclear submarine are participating.
Key facts
Participation:
33.The United States has recognised India as a major defence partner which will pave way to bring it closest US allies for defence related trade and technology transfer. Announcement in this regard was made in the joint statement issued after Prime Minister Narendra Modi held talks with US President Barack Obama in Washington. Under the recognition US will work towards facilitating defence related trade and technology sharing with India to a level commensurate with that of its closest allies and partners. India will receive license-free access to a wide range of dual-use defence technologies in conjunction with steps that India has committed to take to advance its export control objectives. US will continue to facilitate the export of goods and technologies, consistent with the US laws in support of official US-India defence cooperation. It will support of India’s ambitious ‘Make In India’ initiative and also support the development of robust defence industries and their integration into the global supply chain.
34. India has joined the Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (HCoC), a global ballistic missile proliferation regime. India has joined the Code highlighting its readiness to further strengthen global non-proliferation objectives. However, India has made it clear that it will not have any impact on the national security as well as country’s missile programmes. What is Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (HCoC)? The HCoC is a voluntary, legally non-binding international confidence building and transparency measure that seeks to prevent the proliferation of ballistic missiles that are capable of delivering weapons of mass destruction (WMD). It was established on 25 November 2002 as a result of international efforts to regulate access to ballistic missiles which can potentially deliver WMDs The HCOC does not ban ballistic missiles, but it calls for restraining their production, testing, and export. It is the only normative instrument to verify the spread of ballistic missiles. Ballistic Missile: It is a missile with a high, arching trajectory which is initially powered and guided, but falls under gravity on to its target. Most of its trajectory is unpowered and governed by gravity and air resistance if it is in the atmosphere. In contrasts, cruise missiles are aerodynamically guided in powered flight.
35.Admiral Sunil Lanba (58) took charge as Chief of the Naval Staff. He will be 23rd chief of Indian Navy and 21st as an Indian. He succeeded Admiral Robin K. Dhowan who will superannuate from the post. He shall hall have full three-year-term in office till 31 May 2019. About Sunil Lanba Prior to this appointment, he was Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief (FOC-in-C) Western Naval Command. He is a specialist in Navigation and Direction and an alumnus of National Defense Academy (NDA) and Defence Services Staff College He has very rich staff and operational experience over a career spanning more than three decades with the Indian Navy. Important Assignments: He was commissioned into the Executive Branch of Indian Navy in 1978. He has served as Navigating Officer of INS Dunagiri (Frigate) and INS Sindhudurg (Corvette). He also had commanded four frontline warships namely, INS Kakinada (Minesweeper), INS Ranvijay, INS Himgiri (Frigate) and INS Mumbai (Destroyers). He also had held important staff assignments such as Fleet Operations Officer of the Western Fleet and Chief of Staff, Southern and Eastern Naval Commands. He also had been the Flag Officer Commanding Maharashtra and Gujarat Naval Area, Flag Officer Sea Training, Commandant at National Defence College and Vice Chief of Naval Staff. Awards and Honours: For his distinguished service of an exceptionally high order, was awarded with the Param Vishist Seva Medal and Athi Vishist Seva Medal.
36.The Indian Air Force (IAF) successfully test-fired a land-attack version of the supersonic cruise missile, BrahMos at the Pokaran field firing range in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan. Test: During the flight trial, the missile met its mission goals and destroyed a designated target. Two squadrons of IAF already have been equipped with the land-attack version of the missile version (One squadron has about 70 to 80 missiles). IAF is deploying this version of the missile in the border areas to take out the enemy’s communication towers, runways, and radar in case of a conflict. About Brahmos missile BrahMos supersonic cruise missile has been designed and developed by BrahMos Aerospace, a joint venture of India and Russia. It has derived its name from the names of two rivers, India’s Brahmaputra River and Russia’s Moskva River. It operates on fire and forget principal and is capable of being launched from land, sea, sub-sea and air against sea and land targets. Features: It is capable of carrying a warhead of 300 kilogram and has top supersonic speed of Mach 3 (that is, three times the speed of sound). It can strike a target at maximum range of 290-km. It is two-stage missile, the first one being solid and the second one ramjet liquid propellant. BrahMos missile already has been inducted into the Indian Army and Navy.
37.The Indian Navy has commissioned indigenously built highly maneuverable Fast Attack Craft INS Tarmugli at the commissioning ceremony held in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. INS Tarmugli will be based in Visakhapatnam under the Naval Officer-in-Charge (Andhra Pradesh). It would be deployed for coastal patrol and surveillance operations along the East Coast of India. Key facts INS Tarmugli is indigenously conceived, designed and built by M/s Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd (GRSE). It is the first Follow-on Water Jet Fast Attack Craft (WJFAC) and is an improved version of WJFAC, earlier constructed by GRSE. The ship is named after a picturesque Tarmugli island located in the Andaman group. Features: INS Tarmugli weighs 320-tonne and is 48 meters in length. It can achieve speeds in excess of 30 knots. It is fitted with advanced MTU engines, water jet propulsion and the latest communication equipment. Ship’s Crew: It is manned by a team comprising four officers and 41 sailors with one Commanding Officer. Ship’s Main Role: Built for extended coastal and offshore surveillance and patrol the warship. It is capable of operating in shallow waters at high speeds and is equipped with enhanced fire power. Ships armament: It is equipped with of a 30 mm CRN 91 gun, an electronic day-night fire control system namely Stabilised Optronic Pedestal (SOP), two 12.7 mm heavy machine guns (HMG) and multiple medium machine guns and shoulder-launched Igla surface-to-air missiles to combat aerial threats.
38.Indigenously developed nuclear capable Prithvi-II surface-to-surface missile was successfully test-fired from a test range at Chandipur in Odisha. Missile test: It was carried out by Strategic Force Command (SFC) from a mobile launcher at launch complex-3 from the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipur in Odisha. About Prithvi-II Missile Prithvi-II is a tactical short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) developed by indigenously by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). It is the first missile indigenously developed by DRDO under India’s prestigious Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP). Powered by: Can operate with both liquid and solid fuel twine engines. Warheads: Capable of carrying 500 kg to 1,000 kg of nuclear as well as conventional warheads. Strike Range: It has strike range of 350 km. It has the ability to dodge enemy missiles and uses advanced inertial guidance system with manoeuvring trajectory to hit its target. It has advanced inertial navigation, control and guidance system. It uses advanced inertial guidance system with manoeuvering trajectory. The missile was inducted into Indian armed forces in 2003. Variants: Prithvi-I for the Indian Army; Prithvi-II for the Indian Air Force; and the Dhanush for the Indian Navy. The last user trial of Prithvi-II was successfully conducted on February 16, 2016 from the same test range in Odisha.
39. Indigenously developed Advanced Air Defence (AAD) interceptor missile, Ashwin was successfully test fired. The test was the twelfth test of interceptor missiles fired from a warship in the Bay of Bengal. Of the 11 tests held earlier, 9 were successful. Test: The interceptor missile was test fired from the complex of Abdul Kalam Island (formerly known as Wheeler Island) in Balasore district off Odisha coast. It hit the target which another ballistic missile i.e. a modified version of Prithvi weapon system. The missile also validated various parameters of the interceptor in flight mode. Key facts AAD interceptor missile Ashwin is the advanced version of low altitude supersonic ballistic interceptor missile. It is indigenously developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and is capable of destroying any incoming hostile ballistic missile. Features: It is capable of destroying any incoming hostile ballistic missile is 7.5-meter long and weighs around 1.2 tonnes. It has a diameter of less than 0.5 meter. It is single-stage solid rocket propelled guided missile. It is equipped with a hi-tech computer, a navigation system and an electro-mechanical activator. The missile also has its own mobile launcher, secure data link for interception, independent tracking and homing capabilities and sophisticated radars Comment With this successful test India became the fourth country in the world to have full-fledged multi-layer Ballistic Missile Defence system. Other three countries are United States, Russia and Israel. The successful test will also pave the way for the induction of the supersonic interceptor missiles in the Indian armed forces. It will also strengthen India’s position in the very exclusive and elite Ballistic Missile Defence club of the other three countries.
40.The multilateral Red Flag Aerial combat exercises between US, NATO and allied forces and India Air Force (IAF) concluded in Alaska, US. The four-week long (from April 28 to May 13, 2016) aerial combat exercises was held at the Nellis Air Force Base, Alaska. This was the second time India had participated in such an exercise after 2008.
Key facts
About Red Flag Air Exercises
41.Indian Air Force has launched its Electronic Maintenance Management System (e-MMS) Project, an automated military maintenance system. It was inaugurated by the Chief of Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha at the Air Force Station in Pune, Maharashtra. Key facts The e-MMS project is one of the largest Maintenance Repair Overhaul (MRO) IT implementation in the world. The project has been designed and developed by the Indian IT giant Wipro. IAF had signed the contract for the project e-MMS with Wipro as a System Integrator (SI) in 2013. The e-MMS system has a central console that will help IAF to get rid of paper works and heavy logbooks. It seeks to seamlessly connect squadrons, wings, commands, and Air Headquarters after its implementation. It will transform IAF’s paper-based legacy maintenance system to an online system as it will be implemented in IAF’s hierarchy and functioning. It will help to transform work environment of IAF to become more efficient and also help to monitor the operational availability of all fleets and systems in real time at various hierarchical levels.
42.Indian Army had conducted major military training exercise ‘2016 Chakravyuh-II’ in Suratgarh, Rajasthan. Purpose of the exercise: Validate battle readiness and operational effectiveness of the Pivot Formation and Rapid Division of Indian Army along with all its affiliated components. Key facts The Chakravyuh-II exercise involved rapid mobilisation and execution of battle plans in conjunction with the Indian Air Force (IAF). It envisaged mechanised manoeuvres in the entire spectra of new generation weapons, systems and platforms in the rapid urbanisation and development areas along the border. It has provided an opportunity to all commanders in planning and conducting large scale operations in an integrated theatre environment along with IAF. It mainly included fighter ground attack aircrafts, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), attack helicopters, remotely piloted vehicles and communication helicopters. During the exercise surveillance, intelligence, reconnaissance and communication systems were put to test in a network-centric battlefield environment and were supported by required operational logistics. Improved mobility, extensive use of information technology and inventory management techniques were also validated to ensure logistics are deployed in the fast paced operational environment.
43. Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) has launched Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Shaurya at Panaji. It was launched by the Governor of Goa, Mridula Sinha, in the presence of GSl and ICG officials. Key facts ICGS Shaurya is fifth of a series of six Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPVs) designed in-house and built by GSL. The vessel is 105-metre long and is capable of cruising at a speed of 23 knots. It has a range of 6000 nautical miles. It is powered by twin diesel engines and carries four boats for boarding party operations. It is fitted with state-of-the-art navigation and communication equipment. The ship’s weaponry package has one 30 mm gun and two 12.7 mm guns associated with fire control system. ICGS Shaurya will be commissioned into service in 2017. It will be deployed for search and rescue operations, pollution control and external firefighting. It will also be deployed for monitoring sea lanes of communication and ocean surveillance.
44. INS Kalvari, Indian Navy’s first indigenous Scorpene-class stealth submarine, has recently launched for the first sea trial in the Mumbai naval dockyard. It is a diesel-electric attack submarine which is built under the strategic Project 75 by Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) in collaboration with French naval defence and energy company DCNS. Key facts INS Kalvari is also known as Tiger Shark (or S50). It is expected to be commissioned into Indian Navy by September 2016. It has superior stealth capability and is designed to operate in all theatres including the tropics. It is built using special steel that can withstand high yield stress that can withstand high hydrostatic force and enabling to dive deeper. Operations capability: It can undertake various operations including multifarious warfare, Anti-submarine warfare, Intelligence gathering, mine laying, area surveillance etc. Attack Ability: It can launch attack on the enemy using precision guided weapons and attack can be launched from underwater or on surface. Weapons: It is equipped with Weapons Launching tubes (WLT) that can carry weapons on board and can be easily reloaded at sea.
45. Indian Naval Ships (INS) Veer and Nipat were decommissioned at the Naval Dockyard in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The decommissioning ceremony of these ships was held in the presence of Vice Admiral Sunil Lanba, Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Naval Command. Key facts Both the ships belonged to the 1241 RE class missile vessels. They had served under 22nd Killer Squadron and have completed 29 and 28 years of commissioned service respectively. The ships had played a significant role as the guardian of International Maritime Borderline off west coast of India. These ships are also the first of Veer Class of ships to be decommissioned from the Indian Navy. In their service, they have participated in numerous operations and successfully completed many deployments. They were extensively deployed during the Operations Vijay (1961) and Parakram (2001–2002) of the Indian Navy.
46. The eleventh edition of India-Mongolia joint military training Exercise ‘Nomadic Elephant – 2016’ has commenced at Mongolia. It seeks to promote military associations between India and Mongolia. The first joint exercise was held in 2004 and since then it is annually held. Key facts Aim of exercise is to develop synergy and interoperability between the two armies to fight in Counter Insurgency and Counter Terrorism (CICT) environment under the United Nation mandate. In this edition, a platoon of the Kumaon Regiment of the Indian Army along with a team of two observers is taking part in the event. The Indian contingent will share its practical experiences of CICT operations through a series of classroom lectures and outdoor demonstrations.
47.The Indian Army conducted major battle exercise named as ‘Shatrujeet’ in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan near to the border with Pakistan. The sole purpose of the exercise was to evaluate the capability of the Indian Army and fine tune its proactive war strategy to respond swiftly to any threat to nation’s security. Key facts The 2016 Shatrujeet battle exercise was steered by the Mathura based 1 Corps, one of the three principle strike corps of the Indian Army. It aimed to evaluate the capability of the Indian Army to strike deep into enemy territory in an integrated air-land battle environment. It was an operation-oriented exercise that focused on validating integrated battle theatre fighting concept. It also incorporated the new-age technologies, weapon platforms and systems as well as long range precision targeting vectors. It was post preparatory training exercise manoeuvres at subordinate units and formation levels by conducting integrated operational manoeuvres. It mainly validated India Army’s operational plans in simulated high tempo battlefield environment and terrain. Background Indian Army at regular intervals undertakes such battle exercises at different levels to ensure forces are provided war-like situations and kept in high-state of battle readiness as part of so called Cold Start Doctrine. The doctrine involves the various branches of India’s military conducting offensive operations against enemy (mainly Pakistan) as part of unified battle groups. It would involve limited, rapid armoured thrusts, with infantry and necessary air support. Under it, the offensive operations must begin within 48 hours after orders have been issued. Such a limited response time would enable Indian forces to surprise their enemy. It is intended to allow India’s conventional forces to perform holding attacks in order to prevent a nuclear retaliation from the enemy.
48. The Union Government has renamed Panagarh Air Force Base of Indian Air Force in West Bengal as ‘Air Force Station Arjan Singh’ in honour of the Marshal of the Air Force Arjan Singh. It was renamed on the occasion of 97th birthday of Arjan Singh. Air Officer Commander-in-Chief of the Eastern Air Command, Air Marshal C. Harikumar unveiled the rechristening plaque. This is first time in India’s defence history, a military installations has been named after individuals, especially when they are alive. About Arjan Singh Singh was born on April 15, 1919, in Lyalpur (now Faislabad, Pakistan). He had completed his education at Montgomery (now Sahiwal, Pakistan). He was selected to the Empire Pilot training course at RAF Cranwell at the tender age of 19 years. He had served on different positions in RAF during the British Rule. On August 15, 1947, he had achieved a unique honour of leading a fly-past of over a hundred IAF aircraft over the Red Fort in Delhi. He had served as the IAF chief from August 1964 to 69. He was the first Indian Air Chief to be elevated to the rank of Air Chief Marshal in 1966. He had led the Indian Air Force (IAF) in the 1965 India-Pakistan war. He had launched IAF;s Operation Grand Slam that targeted at the vital town of Akhnoor of Pakistan. He retired in August 1969 and later was appointed as Ambassador of India to Switzerland. He also had served as Lieutenant Governor of New Delhi from 1989 to 1990. Awards and Honours: In recognition of his lifelong services, Union government conferred the rank of the “Marshal of the Indian Air Force” on him in 2002 making him the first and the only ‘Five Star’ rank officer with the IAF. He was awarded Padma Vibhushan for his astute leadership of the Air Force during the India-Pakistan war. Panagarh Air Force Base: It is one of the crucial Air Force Base in the eastern theatre. It is located in Burdwan district of West Bengal. It was constructed in 1944 during the World War II. It has played a significant role in the 1965 and 1971 wars with Pakistan.
49.Nuclear capable submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLMB) code named K-4, was successfully test fired from an undisclosed location in the Bay of Bengal.
Test: It was conducted by the Strategic Forces Command (SFC) along with Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) which provided all logistics.
The missile was fired from 20-meter deep from onboard silos of the Ship Submersible Ballistic, Nuclear (SSBN) submarine. During the test it successfully hit with high accuracy after covering more than 700 km distance.
About K-4 ballistic missile
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50. Indigenously developed surface-to-air supersonic Akash missile System was successfully test fired from complex-3 of the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipuri in Odisha.
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51. Pakistan has test fired anti-ship surface to sea “Zarb” missile from the coastal areas successfully. It hit its target in the Arabian Sea after it was fired from a strategic point located at a coastal area. The missile was formally inducted into Pakistan Navy‘s defence system soon after the test.
52.Pakistan and China have launched a joint bilateral air force exercise named Shaheen (Eagle) 5 in Pakistan. This is the fifth edition of such drill between the two countries that will take place from April 9 to 30, 2016. This edition of exercise seeks to boost bilateral relations between all-weather friends China and Pakistan. For its part Pakistan wants to upgrade its air force, now dependent on a mostly outmoded fleet of US, French and Chinese fighter jets.
53. India’s first indigenous composites sonar dome, a ship’s underwater eyes and ears, was flagged off by Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar. The sonar dome was dedicated to the nation dedicated to the nation and will be delivered to Mazgaon Docks, Mumbai for use in the warships of Indian Navy. Key facts The sonar dome is dsigned and produced by a Defence and Research Development Organisation’s (DRDO’s) Research and Development Establishment (Engineers) lab based in Pune. It is a first of its kind in the country to be manufactured by the Goa-based composites manufacturing company Kineco. The sonar dome functions as the ship’s underwater eyes and ears and mostly all anti-submarine warfare (ASW) ships have a sonar array fitted to the ship structure below the waterline. The sonar dome is a structure is fitted over the sonar array to make it acoustically transparent in order to avoid exposure of its electronics and sensors to surrounding hostile environment. With successfully building indigenous sonar dome, India joins a select group of nations which have the capability of realising large composites structure with complex geometry, high structural rigidity and multi-functional requirements with acoustic transparency. Sonar: It is an acronym for SOund Navigation And Ranging. It is a technique that uses sound propagation (usually underwater) to navigate, communicate with or detect objects on or under the surface of the water, such as other vessels.
54.India’s biggest ever land, naval and homeland security exhibition Defence Expo 2016 began in Goa. The four-day biennial event was inaugurated by the Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar. This for the first time, the Expo is being held outside the national capital New Delhi. Key facts Defence Expo 2016 is the 9th edition of the series of biennial land, naval and internal homeland security systems exhibitions. The 2016 theme is “Rise of Futurism” and its vision is to make India prosperous by establishing world class science and technology base in defence sector. It also seeks to provide India’s Defence Services decisive edge by equipping them with internationally competitive systems and solutions. The Expo will see participation of 1,053 companies from 47 countries including major defence production countries like Russia, US, Germany, Italy, Japan and Israel. They will display their warfare ware in their stalls to each other and demonstrate the capabilities of their defence equipment. It will also see participation of the major public and private sector companies in India including Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). DRDO will display live demo of Airborne Early Warning & Control System (AEWCS), Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas, Main Battle Tank (MTB) Arjun, Wheeled Armoured Platform AKASH, Air Defence System, Pinaka Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher, state of art Radars, and other equipment.
55.he Indian Air Force (IAF) has conducted its flagship day-night exercise ‘Iron-fist 2016’ at Pokhran firing range in Rajasthan. The day-night exercise demonstrating IAF’s combat and fire power was conducted in the presence of Hon’ble President Shri Pranab Mukherjee and Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The event comprised 6 packages depicting 6 different themes in which more than 180 aircraft, including fighters, transport and helicopters of IAF participated. They are Fly Past: It depicted the great journey of the IAF over 8 decades with the aircraft of yesteryear flying wing to wing along with the latest acquisitions of the IAF. Net Enabled Operations: It showcased the indigenously developed Airborne Early Warning and Control System (AEWCS) of aircrafts. It also displayed multiple aircraft weapon delivery demonstration of precision based bombing at simulated enemy targets. Air Defence Operations: The multi-layered Air Defence Operations of the IAF was demonstrated by the Flight Refuelling aircraft (IL-78 FRA) along with two Su-30 aircraft and the indigenously built Light Combat Aircraft ‘Tejas’. Combat Support Operations: It showcased the very important role played by the IAF in support of the ground forces using live weapons. The assault landing capability of C-130 J aircraft and fire fighting capability of the Mi-17V5 were also displayed. Flying Displays: It displayed aerobatic displays by the Sarangs, Suryakirans and the Su-30. All Weather Operations: The night capabilities of the IAF were also displayed with number of targets were engaged in this phase by fighters, transport aircraft and helicopters using rockets as well as bombs. The event mainly showcased more than 22 types of platforms and Weapons Systems of IAF. Frontline fighter aircraft including Sukhoi-30, Mirage-2000, Jaguar, MiG-29, Attack helicopters, Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) and high tech AWACS were displayed during the show. IAF’s indigenous project – Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) “Tejas” was also a part. Transport aircraft like An-32, IL-76, IL-78, Embraer and C-130J also participateD
56.Indigenously developed nuclear capable surface-to-surface ballistic missile Agni-I was successfully test-fired off the Odisha coast. Test: It was conducted as part of training exercise by the Strategic Forces Command (SFC) of Indian Army. The missile was fired from mobile launcher at launchpad-4 of the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Abdul Kalam Island (Wheeler Island) off the Odisha coast. About Agni I Missile Agni-I is the first missile of the Agni series launched in 1983 by the DRDO as part of Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) in India. Developed by: Advanced Systems Laboratory, the premier missile development laboratory of DRDO in collaboration with Defence Research Development Laboratory, Research Centre Imarat and was integrated by Hyderabad based Bharat Dynamics Limited. Powered by: Both solid and liquid propellants and can be fired from road and rail mobile launchers. Features: It weighs around 12 tonnes and is 15-metre-long. Payloads: Designed to carry both conventional and nuclear payload of about 1000 kg. Speed and Range: It can travel at a speed of 2.5 km/s and can destroy targets ranging between 700 and 1250 kms away. Advance Technology: It is equipped with sophisticated navigation system which helps to navigate missile to hit the target with a high degree of accuracy and precision. Induction: The Agni I missile already has been inducted into armed forces and claimed to be a part of the India’s minimum credible deterrence under No first to use policy. The first trial of Agni-I was conducted in 1989 and the last user trial was conducted in November 2015 from Dr. Abdul Kalam Wheeler Island.
57.The fourth edition of the India-Indonesia Joint Training Exercise Garuda Shakti has begun at Magelang in Indonesia. The 13 days (till 23 March) bilateral exercise aims at (i) Building and promoting positive relations between the Armies of India and Indonesia. (ii) Enhancing their abilities to undertake joint tactical level operations in a counter insurgency environment under United Nations Charter. Key facts In the 4th edition of the joint exercise Indian Army platoon strength contingent will carry out cross training with a platoon from the Airborne battalion of the Indonesian Army. The Indian Contingent has been trained for combat conditioning, firing, tactical operations, tactical skills and special heliborne operations training. Selected Indian unit has had varied operational experience in Counter Insurgency and Counter Terrorist operations in the Northern, Western and Eastern theatres. The exercise will be conducted as joint Counter Insurgency operations exercise in urban and rural scenario and various facets of tactical Counter Insurgency operations (CIO). Both countries will share their experience of CIO and also the ambit of identifying areas of expertise, evolution of combat tactical drills of tactical and to undertake combined training for neutralization of insurgency threat. Background Indo-Indonesia Joint Training Exercise Garuda Shakti is conducted as part of military diplomacy between armies of both countries alternatively in India and Indonesia respectively. The first edition bilateral exercise was conducted on a reciprocal basis in 2012 in India. The second edition was conducted in Indonesia in 2013 and third in India in 2014.
58.The Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) has cleared a proposal to purchase two Phalcon Airborne Warning and Control Systems (AWACS), surveillance aircrafts from Israel. Decision to this effect was taken by CCS meeting chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi. This defence deal will cost India 7,500 crore rupees as per a tripartite agreement signed with Israel and Russia. Significance of this deal: CCS’s approval comes ahead of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s official visit to Israel later in the 2016. This visit will make him first Indian Prime Minister to visit Israel and it will give major boost to Indo-Israel ties. AWACS: They are advanced radars mounted on an aircraft to give an ability to see deep inside enemy territory and 360 degree coverage to detect incoming aircraft and missiles at long ranges. The Indian Air Force (IAF) already had three such AWACS platforms that comprise of Israeli-made radars mounted on Russian heavy transport planes IL-76. The CCS also approved a proposal for induction of the 4th regiment of supersonic cruise missile Brahmos and 2 more of Pinaka rocket launchers in the India Army.
59.The 7th edition of India, Seychelles joint military exercise LAMITYE 2016 concluded in Victoria, Mahe Island, Seychelles. The fourteen day exercise was conducted at Seychelles Defence Academy (SDA), Victoria from February 15 to 28, 2016. Key facts The aim of joint bilateral military exercise was to improve interoperability between armies of both countries in jointly fighting Counter Terrorism/ Counter Insurgency. Indian contingent was represented by an infantry platoon and representatives from the Special Forces. Seychelles People’s Defence Forces (SPDF) was represented by the Tazar (Special Forces Unit) and Seychelles Infantry. This edition mainly focused on interoperability in drills related to Counter Insurgency/ Terrorism, along with number of training activities and exercises Exercise Sea Hunt was also conducted which was culmination of cordon & Search operations in anti-piracy setting enmeshed with hostage rescue operations. Background India and Seychelles are conducting joint military drill ‘Exercise Lamitye’ since 2001. Lamitye in Creole (local dialect of Seychelles) means friendship. The exercise is conducted biennially with the aim of enhancing military cooperation and interoperability between the Armed Forces of two countries.
60.The fifth edition of IBSAMAR 2016 trilateral naval exercise between Brazil, India and South Africa kicked off in Goa. IBSAMAR is abbreviated as India-Brazil-South Africa Maritime. This is the for the first time the exercise is held in India as all the previous editions were held in South Africa since it began in 2006. Key facts This trilateral naval exercise aims at increasing (i) Interoperability among navies of three countries (ii) Common understanding maritime security between them. This edition of IBSAMAR naval exercise will be conducted two phases namely Harbour phase and Sea Phase. During harbour phase, wide range of professional interactions will be undertaken and during Sea Phase diverse range operational activities will be conducted off Goa coast. The thrust of the exercises will be on anti-submarine warfare (ASW), air defence, flying operations, surface firing, search and rescue and tactical procedures. Indian navy is represented by INS Mumbai– a missile destroyer, INS Shalki– a Shisuhumar class diesel electric submarine and INS trishul– a stealth frigate. The Brazilian Navy is represented by Brazilian Naval Ship (BNS) Amazonas embarked with Special Forces. South African Navy is represented by SAS Spioenkop with integral helicopter and embarked with Special Forces. Comment The IBSAMAR trilateral naval exercise epitomises the strong long-term strategic relationship between the three democracies and vibrant economies. It represents the most visible manifestation of convergence of democratic values, economic interests and maritime cooperation.
61.Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has decided to conduct captive flight trials of an advanced, state-of-the-art Anti-Radiation Missile (ARM) in April-May 2016. During captive flight trials DRDO scientist will evaluate performance of the missile’s heat seeker, structural capability, navigation and control system and aerodynamic vibrations. Later by end of 2016, actual ground testing will be conducted and later it will be fired from Su-30 during the actual flight trial. About Anti-Radiation Missile ARM is an air-to-surface tactical missile indigenously developed by Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL) including its heat seeker. It is capable of targeting enemy’s air defence capabilities by attacking radars and communication facilities by picking up the radiation or signals from these facilities. The missile uses dual pulse propulsion system as in the case of LR-SAM (Long Range Surface-to-Air Missile) instead of thrust propulsion. ARM has range of 100 to 125 km and will be mounted on combat aircraft Sukhoi (Su-30) and Tejas-Light Combat Aircraft (LCA). The ARM missile will be inducted into Indian Armed Forces till 2018 after successfully conducting a number of developmental trials. On its induction, India will join other few nations including the US and Germany having ARMs.
62.For the first time, India has participated in the Cobra Gold 2016 multilateral amphibious exercise hosted by Thailand after 12 member Indian Army delegation joined it. In this edition of multilateral exercise, India has accorded as an observer plus status keeping in view its increasing regional operability. Decision regarding India’s participation was earlier conveyed to Thailand during Vice President Hamid Ansari’s visit to the country. Key facts Cobra Gold 2016 is 35th edition of multilateral exercise in which 35 countries have participated and its main theme is humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. In the 10 day exercise (from 9 to 19 February), over 8564 personnel are participating from countries like Indonesia, US, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea and others. About Cobra Gold multilateral exercise Cobra Gold multilateral amphibious exercise is the largest Asia-Pacific military exercise held annually in Thailand. It was first held in 1982 in order to improve relations and coordination between the armed forces of Thailand and US in both humanitarian and hostile military efforts. The exercise was proven effective in improving coordinated military response during numerous natural disasters including the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, 2011 Tōhoku tsunami and aftermath 2013 Typhoon Haiyan in Philippines.
63.The 9th edition of India-Nepal Combined Military Exercise Surya Kiran IX has commenced at Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand. It will culminate on February 21, 2015. The 14-day-long combined battalion Level exercise is being conducted under the aegis of Panchshul Brigade of Central Command. Key facts In this edition, Indian Army is being represented by Infantry Battalion while from Nepalese Army, officers and troops of the elite Shree Rudra Dhoj Battalion are participating. During Surya Kiran IX, both armies will focus on upgradation of practical and tactical skills by sharing each other’s experiences. They will also focus on enhancing interoperability in Counter Terrorism and Jungle Warfare operations in mountain terrain. In it special focus and emphasis will be laid on humanitarian aid and disaster relief operations which will include aviation and medical aspects.
64.The International Fleet Review (IFR) 2016, an international military exercise hosted and conducted by Indian Navy was inaugurated in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. Theme of this edition on IFR is “United through Oceans” and its objective is to enhance mutual trust and confidence with neighbouring navies by inviting their ships to participate in the event. Key facts Total 11,000 guests are expected to attend the mega naval exercise including members of foreign delegations. It is perceived to be the biggest exercise conducted in India so far. Naval ships from 50 countries and various dignitaries will also participate in the event and close to 4000 sailors have participated in the fleet review. The 4 day review (from 4 to 8 February) aims at assuring the country of the Indian Navy’s preparedness, high morale and discipline. For the first time Chinese navy called as People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLA-N) is also participating in the event. In this edition of IFR special emphasis is given to Make In India on three dimensions — indigenisation, innovation and ingenuity. Indian Navy’s ships participating in this event includes, INS Vikramaditya- India’s biggest aircraft carrier, INS Viraat, destroyers INS Mysore, Kolkata, frigates-Satpura, Shivalik, Teg amongst others. The last IFR conducted by the Indian Navy in 2001 in Mumbai, Maharashtra in which navies of 29 countries from across the globe had participated.
65.Japan’s ShinMaywa Industries is planning to set up manufacturing plant of US-2 amphibious aircraft in India under ‘Make in India’ initiative to cater to international demands. The move comes as Indian Navy plans to procure 6 such aircrafts between 2017 and 2022 by signing a government to government deal i.e. initial purchase being off the shelf. Key facts The government to government defence deal for purchasing of US-2 amphibious aircraft will be having a 30 per cent offset clause. Under this clause, ShinMaywa will set up a manufacturing plant in India to cater to the global market since the demand for the aircraft is high. If the deal goes through, these aircrafts would be the first major export of Japanese defence item after the pacifist country had lifted its decades-long self-imposed embargo on export of weapons and India its first importer. US-2 amphibious aircraft: It has long-range civilian and military applications and can land on choppy waters. Indian Navy is seeking to purchase it in order to monitor India’s vast coastline, islands and for use is disaster relief.
66. Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) of Union Government has given its final approval to Kerala Government’s approval to set up India’s first Defence Industrial Park at Ottappalam. Proposal in this regard was forwarded by Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (Kinfra), a Kerala government owned Public Sector Company. Key facts The proposed defence park will be established as part of Union Government’s flagship Make in India programme and state government’s Make in Kerala project. It will have modern common infrastructure facilities aimed at attracting component manufacturers in the defence industry. Union government also has agreed to bring the park under the Modified Industrial Infrastructure Upgradation Scheme (MIIUS). The park would be established in 60 acres of land at cost of Rs. 231 crore with the financial help of Central and State government. Union government will invest Rs 50 crore in it while the rest of the amount would be met by the State government. Ottappalam was selected for the defence park keeling in view its strategic location in terms connectivity and other common facilities such as dedicated power and water supply along with infrastructure for the research and development centre. Implications: This defence park will play important role bridging the gap related to defence components manufacturing sector. This sector has demand estimated at 700 million dollars a year from India and other countries having friendly relationship with it. It will also provide platform for export of products related to defence from small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMSEs).
67.ndigenously-built surface-to-air Akash missile was successfully test fired from complex-3 of the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipuri in Odisha. Test: It was as part of a user trial mission in which 3 rounds of test were carried out by Indian Air Force (IAF) aiming at para-barrel targets. About Akash Missile Akash (in English it means sky) is a mid-range surface-to-air missile (SAM). Indigenously developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) under the Integrated Guided-Missile Development Programme (IGMDP). The missile has supersonic speeds ranging from Mach 2.8 to 3.5. It has capability to carry warhead of 60 kg. It can engage aerial targets up to a range of approximately 25 kms. It is powered by Ramjet-rocket propulsion system (RRPS) which renders thrust for the missile to intercept the target at supersonic speed without any retardation. It is capable of neutralising aerial targets like cruise missiles, fighter jets and air-to-surface missiles. The missile was formally inducted into the IAF in July 2015. The first missile was delivered in March 2012 to the IAF.
68.The 15th edition of bilateral exercise by the Indian Coast Guard and its Japanese counterpart titled ‘Sahayog-Kaijin 2016’ has begun off the coast of Chennai, Tamil Nadu in the Bay of Bengal. Key facts Focus of Exercise: Anti-piracy procedures, search and rescue operations and interoperability between the two forces and other areas of common professional interest. Highlights: Japanese Coast Guard ship Echigo along with its integral helicopter is participating. It will also involve Indian coast guard ships like Samudra Pahredar, Rajkamal, Vishwast, Rajtarang, Hovercraft, C-415, C-417, one Dornier and one Chetak helicopter. Background Sahayog-Kaijin bilateral exercise is a part of the cooperative arrangements between two Coast Guards for the last 15 years. It is also as part of the memorandum on cooperation (MoC) signed between the two countries in 2006. It is biennial bilateral exercise held once in two years and the venue would shift in both countries on alternate occasions.
69.The indigenously-built third generation anti-tank missile Nag was successfully test fired at Mahajan Field Firing Range in Rajasthan. Test During the test, the missile successfully hit the target 4 km away during a night trial validating enhanced capability of Imaging-Infrared seeker (IIS). It mainly guides the missile to the target. The main purpose of test to validate Thermal Target System (TTS) was also tested. TTS had simulated a target similar to an operational tank generating thermal signature. With this successful test Nag missile was now ready for final and pre-induction user trials. About Nag anti-tank guided missile Indigenously developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP). It is fire-and-forget anti-tank missile. HeliNa is a helicopter-launched version of Nag missile. Operational range: 500m to 4km (Land version), 7-10km (Air-launched). Guidance system: Incorporated with advance Active Imaging infra-red (IIR) seeker. It has been incorporated with HEAT (High explosive anti-tank) warhead also the top-attack all-weather fire-and-forget system capable of destroying modern tanks with armoured protection by nullifying their ERA (explosive reactive armour).
70. Anti-submarine warfare (ASW) corvette INS Kadmatt has been commission in the Indian Navy by Chief of the Naval Staff Admiral R K Dhowan at naval dockyard in Visakhapatnam It is the second ship of Project 28 (P28) class ASW corvettes and is the latest ship after Shivalik class, Kolkata class and INS Kamorta. About INS Kadmatt It is about 90 per cent indigenously designed by the Directorate of Naval Design (DND) and constructed by M/s Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd. The stealth anti-submarine warfare has been named after one of the large islands amongst the group of islands in Lakshadweep off the west coast of India. Dimensions: It spans 109 meters in length and 14 meters at the beam. Speed: It is propelled by 4 diesel engines to achieve speeds of 25 knots with an endurance of 3450 nautical and with a displacement of 3500 tonnes. Multitude of networks: It provides a contemporary and process oriented System of Systems for optimal functioning of the warship. It comprises Total Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS), Atmospheric Control System (TACS), Battle Damage Control System (BDCS), Personnel Locator System (PLS) and Integrated Bridge System (IBS). Stealth Technology: It has a low radio, magnetic, acoustic and Infra-red (IR) signature owing to a ‘X’ shaped hull form. It also has an IR suppression system which reduces the heat emitted by the ship reducing the infrared signature thereby defending the ship from heat seeking missiles. Weapons and sensors suite: It includes Combat Management System, Rocket Launcher, Torpedo Tube Launchers and Infra-Red Signature Suppression System to provide a ‘Common Operational Picture’. It also includes the rail-less helo traversing system and foldable hangar door for the integral ASW helicopter. It is equipped to fight in Nuclear, Biological and Chemical (NBC) warfare conditions. Comment INS Kadmatt would be an integral part of the Eastern Fleet and help to augment the mobility, reach and flexibility of Indian Navy. Its induction also marks yet another milestone in India’s journey towards self-reliance in Defence sector and Make-in-India.
71. India and France have started their eight-day counter-terrorism and counter-insurgency bilateral military exercise Shakti-2016 in Rajasthan. In this bilateral exercise, French contingent comprising 56 personnel of 35th Infantry Regiment of 7th Armoured Brigade are participating. Indian side is being represented by the 2nd Battalion of Garhwal Rifles which is part of the Sapta Shakti Command. Key facts Shakti-2016 joint exercise aims at conducting infantry tactical operations, combating conditioning in a counter-terrorism environment under the United Nations mandate. It will culminate the tactical exercise encompassing clearing of pockets of terrorists in rural and urban environment. The exercise will include firing, tactical operations, combat conditioning, heli-borne operations among others. This military exercise is an important step for both the armies to train together and gain from each other’s rich operational experience. It will also facilitate sharing of each other’s military experiences as both countries have deployed troops in counter-insurgency and counter-terrorist operations. 35th Infantry Regiment of 7th Armoured Brigade of French army has varied combat experiences, having served in Algeria, Africa, Iraq and Afghanistan, amongst other places. It origin dates back to its raising in 1604 at Lorraine (France) and has as many as 12 battle honours to its credit.
72.ndia and Israel jointly developed Long Range Surface to Air Missile (LRSAM) Barak 8 was successfully test fired from INS Kolkata. The firing trial of the LR SAM has been jointly carried out by the Indian Navy, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Israel Aerospace Industries. This successful test marks a significant milestone in enhancing Indian Navy’s Anti Air Warfare capability and also India-Israel relations. About Barak 8 missile LRSAM Barak 8 missile in Hebrew language means Lightning. It is an advanced, long-range missile defence and air defence system. Its main features are long range, active radar seeker missile, vertical launch and multiple simultaneous engagements. For the LRSAM, DRDO has developed dual pulse propulsion system along with other safety arm mechanisms for Solid Propulsion system. The LRSAM programme consists of Missiles, Weapon Control System, MFSTAR (Radar), Vertical Launcher unit and two- way data link. It is capable to counter a wide variety of air-borne threats such as anti-ship missiles, aircraft, UAVs and drones as well as supersonic cruise missiles. Barak 8 missiles will be incorporated onboard of the Kolkata Class Destroyers and also on all future major warships of the Indian Navy. This missile along with the Multi-Functional Surveillance and Threat Alert Radar (MF STAR) would provide these ships the capability to neutralize aerial threats at extended ranges.
73.ussia’s Rostech State Corporation has signed one billion US dollar deal with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) to manufacture 200 Kamov 226T light helicopters. These helicopters will be manufactured under make in India initiative and shall replace the ageing fleet of Cheetah and Chetak helicopters. This is the first Russian-Indian high-tech project implemented by the Indian government within the framework of the ‘Make in India’ programme with the help of Russia. Under this manufacturing deal Rostech State Corporation will organize in India the production of Russian Ka-226T and its modifications in around 200 units. It will also carry out maintenance, operation and repair of helicopters.
74.Scientist from Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) recently have successfully tested crucial anti-jamming capability of the Astra missile. During the trials missiles ECCM (electronic counter-counter measure) features to overcome any jamming was successfully evaluated. This test was conducted after the missile’s RF seeker and other electronic components were sought to be jammed in the earlier trials. With some more trials to be carried in future including air launch trial with a warhead, the missile will be inducted into the Indian Air Force (IAF) in 2015.
75.India’s first indigenously designed warship INS Godavari has been decommissioned after 32 years of service. It was decommissioned at Naval Dockyard in Mumbai (Maharashtra) after it completed its full life cycle, meeting all responsibilities and duties assigned in 3 decades of service. After decommissioning, the ship would be used as a target to practice missile firing for final burial at sea. About INS Godavari INS Godavari was the first of the three in her Class of guided-missile frigates and was commissioned into Indian Navy on 10 December 1983. The ship was considered as a symbol of India’s growing military might and self-reliance. It was first of three Godavari Class frigates, others being Ganga and Gomati Naval Operations: In its three decades of service, the warship took part in major naval operations including Operation Jupiter (1988) in Sri Lanka, Operation Shield and Operation Bolster (1994) for de-induction of Indian Army from Somalia, Patrol of Gulf of Aden (PoG) in 2009 and anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden in 2011. It was also part of ‘Operation Cactus’ in 1988 where India successfully thwarted a coup d’état against the Maldivian government.
76.Union Government has appointed former Chief Justice of Patna High Court Justice L Narasimha Reddy as head judicial committee on One Rank One Pension (OROP) scheme. The one member judicial committee will look into the implementation of OROP scheme for retired defence personnel. The Terms of Reference for the Committee The committee will examine and make recommendations on removal of anomalies arising In the implementation of the OROP Scheme as notified by the Union Government on 7th November 2015. Out of inter-services issues of the 3 forces due to implementation of the scheme. Implications on service matters in any other matter referred by the Union Government on implementation of the OROP or other related issues. In making its recommendations, the Committee shall take into account the financial impact of its recommendations. The Committee will have its headquarters in Delhi. All administrative support to the committee will be provided by Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare, Union Ministry of Defence. It would have a six-month deadline for submission of its recommendations.
77.The eighth edition of India-Russia joint naval exercise-INDRA NAVY-15 has begun in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. INDRA NAVY-15 is a bilateral maritime joint naval exercise between the Indian and Russian navies for epitomising the strategic relationship between the two countries. About INDRA NAVY-15 The primary aim is to increase interoperability between the navies of two countries and develop common understanding of procedures for maritime security operations. The scope includes wide- ranging professional interactions during the Harbour phase and spectrum of maritime operations during the Sea Phase. The Harbour Phase encompasses planning conferences ashore and table-top exercises prior to progressing to sea. The Sea Phase would include various facets of fleet operations. Indian Navy will be represented by: INS Sahyadri– an indigenous frigate, INS Ranvijay– a guided missile destroyer and INS Shakti-a Fleet Support Ship. It also is represented by INS Sindhuvir– a submarine, P81 Long Range Maritime Patrol Aircraft, Dornier Short Range Maritime Patrol Aircraft, Hawk Advanced Jet Trainer. Russian Federation Navy (RFN) will be represented by: 4 ships from Vladivostok based Pacific Fleet. They are Bystry-a destroyer, Varyag-a cruiser, Alatau-a rescue ocean going tug and Boris Butoma-a fleet tanker. INDRA NAVY-15 bilateral naval exercise was initiated in 2003. Since then, it has matured over the years with increasing scope, complexity of operations and level of participation. The eight edition of exercise will be another milestone in strengthening maritime security cooperation between the two navies. It will also serve to reinforce the long-standing bond of friendship between both countries.
78.44th Navy Day was observed on 4 December 2015. On this occasion, Chief of Naval staff Robin K Dhowan along with Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha and Army Chief General Dalbir Singh Suhag paid tributes to martyrs at the Amar Jawan Jyoti in New Delhi. President Pranab Mukherjee extended his greetings and felicitations to all members of the Indian Navy and their families on this occasion. Prime Minister Narendra Modi also extended his greetings to Indian Navy personnel and saluted their impregnable spirit and utmost devotion with which they protect our Motherland.
Background
79. Indian Coast Guard has commissioned interceptor boat ‘ICGS C-422’ into its fleet to further enhance its vigil along Pondicherry and South Tamil Nadu coast in the Bay of Bengal. It was commissioned in a traditional ceremony held at Karaikal port in Tamil Nadu by Puducherry Assembly Speaker V Sabapathy. About ICGS C-422 ICGS C-422 is the 36th interceptor boat to be inducted into the Coast Guard service. The boat is capable of multiple tasks including interdiction, surveillance and search and rescue. It has been fitted with state-of-the-art communication, navigational equipment along with adequate fire power.
80. The nuclear-capable Dhanush ballistic missile was successfully test fired from warship Subhadra, off the Puri coast of Odisha in the Bay of Bengal. The test was conducted by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and it was a perfect mission as the missile hit the target point with high degree of accuracy.
About Dhanush missile
83. INS Vishwakarma, the erstwhile Shipwright School (SWS) and a premier training establishment of the Indian Navy has been commissioned. It was commissioned by Admiral RK Dhowan, Chief of the Naval Staff at a formal ceremony held at Visakhapatnam. INS Vishwakarma was commissioned in keeping with the Navy’s thrust towards indigenisation and ‘Make in India’ initiative. It also was commissioned keeping in view the role of the SWS which has assumed greater significance presently in honing Indian Navy’s warship and submarine design.
Background
84. Nuclear capable surface-to-surface Agni-IV missile was successfully test-fired by the Indian Army’s Strategic Forces Command (SFC). This was overall the fifth test of the Agni IV missile and earlier it had undergone 1 failed and 4 successful tests over the past five years. The last successful test was conducted in December 2014.
Test facts
The test missile was test fired from a road-mobile launcher from Abdul Kalam Island (formerly known as Wheeler Island) off the Odisha coast in the Bay of Bengal.
The test was spearheaded by India’s missile woman Ms. Tessy Thomas.
The missile has met all the mission parameters and was monitored by all radar stations, telemetry and electro-optical systems along the East Coast during the entire operation.
During the test, the missile accelerated to a height of about 600 km. While, re-entering the atmosphere the re-entry heat shield of missile with a dummy payload withstood 4000 degree Centigrade temperatures and splashed down near the pre-designated.
About Agni-IV Missile
85.The fourth edition of Sri Lanka-India bilateral naval exercise SLINEX 2015 held in Trincomalee coast, Sri Lanka.
The six days exercise seeks to reinforce the strong neighbourly ties underscored by extensive maritime interaction and improved understanding between neighbouring both countries.
Key facts
86.India-China Joint Military Training Exercise Hand in Hand 2015 concluded at Kunming Military Academy in Yunnan province of China.
It was fifth edition of the exercise between the two countries which had started on 12 October 2015.
The 12 day exercise concluded with a Joint Field Exercise between armies of both countries followed by a closing ceremony.
Key Facts
87.Union Ministry of Defence has divided erstwhile Maharashtra and Gujarat (MnG) Naval Area into two separate headquarters in order to enhance operational and administrative organizational structure.
They have been divided under Flag Officer Maharashtra Area and Flag Officer Gujarat Naval Area. The division will help For better vigilance on the sea border with Pakistan In better communication and coordination with the respective state governments, local authorities and fishermen. The charge of Flag Officer Maharashtra Area was assumed by Rear Admiral Satish Namdeo Ghormade. While, Rear Admiral Murlidhar Pawar will assume as Flag Officer of Gujarat Naval Area. Background The idea of dividing the existing Maharashtra and Gujarat Naval Area into two parts was mooted after considering breach in naval security from Pakistan’s side on at least on two occasions i.e. 26/11 terrorist attack in 2008 and destroying of ship carrying ammunition by Indian Navy in 2014.
88. Defence Research Development Organisation’s (DRDO’s) Missile Complex in Hyderabad has been renamed as Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Missile Complex.
-It was renamed after late President and Missile Man A P J Abdul Kalam on the occasion of his 84th birth anniversary in a ceremony presided by Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar.
-The function was held at the Research Centre Imarat (RCI). Dr Kalam was RCI’s Founder-Director and had steered it as a generator of critical missile technologies.
89.India, United States and Japan navies have started 2015 Malabar Naval Exercise of the eastern coast in Bay of Bengal and India Ocean.
The high-end warfighting and complex trilateral exercise is part of annual series of exercises conducted to advance multi-national maritime relationships and mutual security issues.
Key facts
90.The third edition of India- Sri Lanka Joint Training Exercise Mitra Shakti-2015 concluded at Aundh Military Camp in Pune, Maharashtra. 14 days of joint training had started on 29 September 2015 and included understanding of transnational terrorism, developing interoperability and conduct of joint tactical operations. The exercise demonstrated the determination of both countries to work closely with each other to eradicate the menace of terrorism in all its forms.
91.Indian Air Force (IAF) on 8 October 2015 celebrated its 83rd foundation day at the Hindon Air Force Station in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh.
Significance of Day: It was celebrated for first in 1932 as an auxiliary air force of Indian Empire.
The celebration of day seeks to increase the awareness about the importance of IAF as an important part of the national security.
Celebrations:
Hindon Air Force Base: This base is located in Ghaziabad in Uttar Pradesh and is under the Western Air Command. It is the biggest and largest air base in Asia and 8th in the world. It is located on the outskirts of the Hindon River.
92. INS Astradharani was commissioned into Indian Navy at Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.
It is Indian Navy’s first totally indigenously-designed and built Torpedo launch and recovery vessel (TRV).
It is advanced replacement for INS Astravahini which was decommissioned from India Navy in July, 2015.
Key features of INS Astradharani
93.An indigenously developed second generation anti-tank guided missile, Amogha-I was successfully test fired.
Test: Test firing was carried out on September 10, 2015 at Babina Army Range, Madhya Pradesh.
In the test two missiles were fired and both hit targets placed at 2.8 km as well as 2.6 km respectively. Both missile flights met all design parameters and designed path profile without any deviation.
About Amogha-I Missile
Indigenously developed by state owned Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL). It has maximum target range of 2.8 kms. The missiles will be inducted into Indian Army after due qualification and validation trials.
94.The sixth Indo-Maldives joint Training Exercise, KUVERIN 2015 has commenced at Pangode Military Station in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala.
95. Inaugural bilateral maritime exercise between India and Australia AUSINDEX15, commenced off coast of Visakhapatnam. The inaugural biennial exercise began with briefings and practical demonstrations ashore between Royal Australian Navy and Indian Navy before moving to sea. In this maiden edition of exercise Three Royal Australian Navy ships viz HMA Ships Sirius (fleet tanker), Arunta (Anzac class frigate) and Sheehan (Collins class submarine) and a Royal Australian Air Force P3C Orion survelliance aircraft have participated. They will train with Indian Navy Ships Ranvijayi (Guided missile destroyer), Shivalik (Stelton frigate) and Shakti (fleet tanker) along with P-8I Maritime Patrol Aircraft. It will also include tabletop exercises, practical demonstrations and scenarios ashore and sea phase. AUSINDEX15 naval exercise between navies of both countries is held in line with the Framework for Security Co-operation. The framework was announced by the Australian and Indian Prime Ministers in 2014.
The council has also cleared a proposal to buy Rs 405 crore worth of anti-tank guided missiles for training purpose of the army.
The naval dockyard at Mumbai will get a repair facility for Scorpene submarines at the cost of Rs 725 crore. Defence shipyard Mazagon Dock is constructing six Scorpene submarines for Indian Navy.
The DAC has also approved a weapons repair facility at Port Blair at a cost of Rs 450 crore. All these approved proposals will be executed under 'Buy India' by Indian contractors.
2.France’s recent arms sale to India is not in itself a game changer in South Asia’s balance of power, but, coupled with the United States’ decision to cut military assistance to Pakistan (Delhi’s arch rival), it is doomed to produce some aftershocks in the region’s defense dynamics.
India secured 36 Rafale multi-role fighters from France’s aircraft manufacturer Dassault Aviation; an $8.8 billion deal was signed by French Defense Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian and his Indian counterpart Manohar Parrikar on September 23, after almost 18 months of quarrels over the contract terms.
The first delivery is expected by September 2019 and all jet fighters will be at disposal of the Indian Air Force (IAF) within six years.
It took 16 years for an Indian government to fulfil the commitment to reinforcing the national air force with new generation fighters.
The new arms sale arrangement highlights a breakthrough in the Indo-French defense relationships. Apart from Delhi-Paris joint cooperation to manufacture six Scorpene submarines, from 2000 to 2015 France provided India with military items worth $715 million, as opposed to $966 million in military goods that Pakistan bought from French defense producers. It is worth saying that between 2011 and 2015, Islamabad received only $24 million in military-related supplies from France, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) reports, signaling a shift in the French defense manufacturers’ business opportunities from Islamabad to Delhi.
3.The Unites States Department of Defence has given a $81 million contract to Boeing for the supply of all-weather, over-the-horizon, Harpoon anti-ship missiles to India.
According to the contract details, Boeing has been awarded $81,271,024 for firm-fixed-price modification to a previously awarded firm-fixed-price contract to exercise an option for the procurement of 22 Lot 89 Harpoon missiles, associated containers and components for the Government of India under the Foreign Military Sales program.
The missiles will be manufactured at several places in the United States, with the majority of them being in St Charles, Missouri. Some manufacturing process would also be done in the United Kingdom.
The missiles are expected to be ready in June 2018.
4.India and United States (US) Joint Military Training Exercise Yudh Abhyas 2016 concluded at the Chaubattia Military Station in Ranikhet, Uttarakhand. The bilateral military exercise was the twelfth edition in the YudhAbhyas series which started in the year 2004 under US Army Pacific Partnership Program. This was the third time the exercise is being conducted at Chaubattia in Uttarakhand.
5.India and France has signed an Inter-Governmental Agreement for the purchase of 36 Rafale fighter jets at a cost of 7.87 billion Euros. The deal was signed by Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar and his French counterpart Jean Yves Le Drian. Eric Trappier in New Delhi. This is the first fighter aircraft deal signed by India with other country since the purchase of Sukhoi aircrafts from Russia in the late 1990’s.
6.The eighth edition of joint military exercise ‘Indra-2016’ between India and Russia held in Russian city of Vladivostok. The main focus of this edition of bilateral military exercise is on Counter-Terrorism Operations in semi mountainous and jungle terrain under United Nations Mandate.
7. Indian Air Force (IAF) has successfully fired recently acquired long range air-to-air MICA missile from Mirage-2000 Upgrade combat aircraft on a manoeuvring target. During the test, the missile achieved a direct hit on a target which was much smaller than an actual aircraft and flying at a low altitude. With this success IAF has become one of the few air forces in the world that have capability of launching such beyond visual range (BVR) air-to-air missile. Mirage-2000: It is a single-engine fourth-generation jet fighter manufactured by France’s Dassault Aviation. The upgraded Mirage 2000 fighter jets are fitted with the Thales RDY 2 radar, new avionics, helmet-mounted display. They have ability to fire new weapons including BVR MICA, Meteor missiles
8. India and Israel jointly developed most advanced long range surface-to-air missile (LR-SAM) Barak-8 was successfully test fired off the Odisha coast. The missile was test fired from a mobile launcher at the Integrated Test Range in Chandipur in Balasore district in Odisha.
About Barak-8 missile
- Barak-8 (Lightning 8 in Hebrew) is long-range nuclear capable ballistic missile, developed jointly by Israel and India.
- It has been designed and developed by DRDO, Israel Aerospace Industries and Israel’s Administration for the Development of Weapons and Technological Infrastructure.
- It is 4.5-meter long and weighs around 3 tonnes can carry a payload of 70 kilograms.
- It has a speed of Mach 2.
- It has the capacity to identify and neutralize various forms of aerial threats such as rockets, UAVs, planes, helicopters in a single flight. Barak-8 missile’s most technologically advanced aspect is its ability to intercept missiles aimed at sea-bound vessels.
9. China and Russia have carried out joint naval exercises dubbed as Joint Sea-2016 in the resource-rich South China Sea (SCS) off China’s southern Guangdong province. The exercises follow a spike in tensions after Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague rejected China’s claims in the SCS and slammed it for causing environmental damage there.
Key Facts
- The eight-day naval exercises (from September 13 to 19) were held in a non-disputed area in SCS off China’s southern Guangdong province.
- It had featured surface ships, missile destroyer, anti-submarine vessels, missile frigates, ship-based helicopters and conventional submarines among others from both navies.
- The vessels were divided into two fleets and confrontations were staged off the eastern waters of Zhanjiang in Guangdong which is close to Chinese coast.
- Both sides had undertaken defence, anti-submarine operations and rescue operations in addition to joint island seizing and other activities They had carried out live-fire drills, sea crossing and island landing operations, and island defence and offence exercises among other.
10. Indian Navy’s indigenously built most Advanced Guided Missile Stealth Destroyer ‘Mormugao’ was launched in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The bedecked ship was launched by Navy chief Admiral Sunil Lanba’s wife Reena at a function at Mazagaon Docks.
Key Facts
- It has been Christened ‘Mormugao’ after the Mormugao port of Goa, the home State of Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar. The stealth vessel was built by government-run Mazgaon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd and belongs to Visakhapatnam class of ships being constructed under Project 15B.
- Mormugao has a displacement of 7,300 tonne with maximum speed of over 30 knots. It is fitted also with the Barak-8 long-range missiles.
- The vessel has been fitted with multi-mission radar for surveillance along with medium range air and surface surveillance radar and other advanced electronic warfare and decoys. It is equipped with surface-to-surface missiles, surface-to-air missiles and anti-submarine rocket launchers.
- It is also capable of carrying two anti-submarine warfare helicopters. What is Project 15B? Union Government in 2011 had sanctioned four 15B ships at the cost of 29,700 crore rupees to develop a class of stealth guided missile destroyers for the Indian Navy.
- The Project 15B missile destroyers are modern warships equipped with latest weapons package in continuation of lineage of the highly successful Delhi and Kolkata Class ships.
- The first ship of the project, guided-missile destroyer ‘Visakhapatnam’ was launched on April 20, 2015. Four more such stealth destroyers would be built and delivered by MDL during 2020-2024.
11. The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) has commissioned well-equipped offshore patrolling (OPV) vessel named ‘Sarathi’.
It was commissioned by Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh and Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar at Goa Shipyard Ltd (GSL) shipyard at Vasco in south Goa.
Key Facts
- ICGS Sarathi is the third in the series of six OPVs built by GSL for Indian Coast Guard (ICG).
- It is designed and built indigenously by GSL. It is the largest i.e. 105-meter long and is most advanced new generation off-shore patrol vessel.
- It has been fitted with advanced EW and electronic systems and guns It is equipped with integrated bridge system, power management system, integrated machinery control system, high power external fire fighting system.
- It has a state-of-the-art propulsion system that can propel the vessel to a speed of over 25 knots. It is designed to carry one twin engine light helicopter and five high speed boats.
- The vessel will be joining coast guard fleet based at Kochi, Kerala and will form part of the Naval Training Squadron.
- In addition, it will be deployed for other surveillance and to safeguard the maritime interests of the country.
- It will also help the coast guard meet the increasing requirement of policing and patrolling of the India’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ)
12. India, Kazakhstan joint bilateral military exercise PRABAL DOSTYK-16 began in Karaganda region of Kazakhstan. The fourteen day (till 17 September 2016) will be a significant step towards fostering military as well as diplomatic ties between both countries.
‘Prabal Dostyk’ means ‘Robust Friendship’
Key Facts
- In this edition of exercise, Indian Army is being represented by a platoon strength and the Kazakhstan Army is represented by platoon from Special Operating Force’s Unit.
- The primary aim of exercise will be to enhance interoperability while undertaking Counter Terrorism & Counter Insurgency Operations in rural & semi-urban environment under the umbrella of United Nations.
- The exercise will be conducted in two stages. The first stage will be to familiarize with each other’s tactics, drills, weapons & equipment.
- Whereas in the second stage, troops of both the armies will graduate to jointly execute a helicopter borne operation in a simulated environment.
- Combat battle drills and physical fitness will also be the focal point of the bilateral military exercise.
13. The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) has successfully conducted a technical flight of the new indigenous Light Utility Helicopter (LUH).
The flawless test was conducted by HAL engineers and technicians in the air for 15 minutes inside the HAL complex in Bengaluru, Karnataka.
Key Facts
- Light Utility Helicopter (LUH) is eight-seater chopper under development for the armed forces.
- It has a maximum All-Up-Weight (AUW) of 3,150 Kgs and fitted with Safran HE Ardiden-1U engine of 750 KW power. It has with a range of 350 Kms and service ceiling of 6.5 Kms.
- It can operate from sea level to high altitudes of Himalayas. It has been designed to carry out various utility roles such as reconnaissance, transport, cargo load, quick response and special operation.
- It can also be used for ferrying VVIPs, as air ambulance, for policing and to search, rescue and evacuate people.
Note: HAL has already developed four highly popular models of helicopters under its belt.
Its product range includes, Dhruv Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH), multi-role seven seater Chetak Helicopter, Light combat helicopter (LCH) Cheetah and Lancer, anti-insurgency, close air support chopper.
14. The Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited (GRSE) has handed over Tihayu, a Water Jet Fast Attack Craft (WJFAC) to the Indian Navy. The warship was handed over to the Indian Navy’s Commanding Officer Cdr Ajay Kashov by Rear Admiral (Retd) AK Verma, CMD of GRSE.
About WJFAC TIHAYU
- It is follow-on WJFAC ship named after Tihayu island in the Andaman.
- It is improved version of Fast Attack Crafts earlier built by GRSE for Indian Navy.
- It has been fitted with 3 water jet propulsion systems. They are powered by marine diesel engines generating 2720 KW of power.
- It measures 48 X 7.5 metres.
- It has displacement of around 315 Tons, besides has an endurance of around 2000 nautical miles at 12-14 knots speed.
- It has been fitted with CRN-91 indigenous 30mm Gun which provides Artillery fire support to ship during attack missions. It has an efficient hull developed by the in-house Design Centre of GRS. Besides, the warship has proved by extensive model testing to achieve speeds in excess of 35 knots.
14. The Indian Army has set up Army Design Bureau (ADB) in an attempt to indigenise procurements and reduce import dependence.
It has been established as part of the government’s ‘Make in India’ initiative and will integrate various stake holders in its long-term requirements.
About the Army Design Bureau (ADB)
- ADB will provide a better understanding of the Army’s requirements to the academia, research organisations and the industry for developing high tech defence products.
- It will be the interface of the Indian Army for a single point contact for all stakeholders which would help R&D fraternity in developing indigenous solutions.
- ADB comes in the wake of rapid changes in technology and consequent changes in war fighting techniques.
- It will help the Indian Army to be constantly involved at every stage from conceptualisation to design to development trails and production to sustenance for its modernisation needs.
15. India and the United States have signed Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA) that will enable both countries to use each other’s bases for repair and replenishment of defence supplies.
The agreement was signed after Indian Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar met his US counterpart, Secretary of Defence Ashton Carter in Washington, D.C.
The logistics agreement signed was based on the memorandum in principle reached between two leaders in April 2016.
What is LEMOA?
- LEMOA is another name for Logistics Support Agreement (LSA), an agreement that US has signed with many of its allies.
- It allows defence forces countries to avail defence logistics support facilities such as fuel, spare parts, mechanics, etc. during joint training, Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR), and port calls.
- Besides, it also lays out the procedure for billing for these facilities as part of a larger accounting transaction and details are contained in clarifying protocols annexed to LEMOA.
Under LEMOA
- LEMOA is facilitating agreement that establishes basic terms, conditions, and procedures for reciprocal provision of Logistic Support, Supplies, and Services (LSSS).
- LSSS include food, billeting, water, medical services, transportation, petroleum, oils, lubricants, clothing, communication services, storage services, training services, spare parts and components, repair and maintenance services and port services. Reciprocal logistic support would be used exclusively during authorized port visits, joint training, joint exercises, and humanitarian assistance and disaster relief efforts.
- Provision of LSSS from one Party to the other would be in return for either cash payment or the reciprocal provision of Logistic Support, Supplies, and Services.
- Logistics support for any other cooperative efforts will only be provided on a case-by-case basis through prior mutual consent of both countries
Note
- LEMOA does not create any obligations on either Party to carry out any joint activity.
- It does not provide for the establishment of any bases or basing arrangements. It will significantly help to enhance the operational capacity of the Indian Armed Forces, including in their response to humanitarian crises or disaster relief.
- LEMOA is one of the three foundational agreements that guide US high technology cooperation in defence sector with other countries. Other two are Communications Interoperability and Security Memorandum of Agreement (CISMOA) and Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement for Geo-spatial Cooperation (BECA).
What is CISMOA?
CISMOA Communications Interoperability and Security Memorandum of Agreement will allow the US to supply India with its propriety encrypted communications equipment and systems. Thus, it will allow to secure peacetime and wartime communication between high-level military leaders on both sides.
CISMOA will also extend this capability to Indian and US military assets, including aircraft and ships. So far US has blocked sale of some of its advanced technologies and sensitive equipments to India on account of non-signing this agreement.
What is BECA?
BECA Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement for Geo-spatial Cooperation would facilitate exchange of geospatial information between India and US for both military and civilian use.
16. India has signed a defence deal with United States worth over $1 billion to purchase four additional Poseidon-8I (P8I) long-range maritime surveillance and anti-submarine warfare aircraft. This deal is a follow-up order to the eight P-81 aircrafts that are already bought by India in a direct deal with Boeing’s Indian subsidiary in 2009.
The acquisition of additional four P-8I aircraft will give the Indian Navy much-needed punch to build up its naval surveillance capabilities.
About Poseidon-8I (P8I) aircraft
The P-8I is a long-range anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance aircraft. The P-8I is a variant of the P-8A Poseidon that Boeing is developing for the US Navy. It is capable of broad area, maritime and littoral operations. It is equipped with the sophisticated Harpoon missiles, lightweight torpedoes and rockets. The Indian Navy is the first international customer for the P-8I. Indian Navy has been using the P-8I to keep watch over the Indian Ocean. The P-8I fleet of Indian Navy is based at naval air station Rajali in Arakkonam, Tamil Nadu.
17.Tata Advanced Systems Ltd (TASL) and US-based Bell Helicopter have signed a deal to jointly develop the helicopter market in India. The agreement seeks to support of India’s aviation and defence modernization initiatives with an emphasis on ‘Make in India’. Under this agreement Both companies will jointly develop the helicopter market in India, including potential production and assembly, training, maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO). They will also undertake research and development (R&D) and technology sharing. They will develop both commercial and government (including military) rotary wing markets in India.
About Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL)
- TASL is the strategic Aerospace and Defence arm of the TATA Group. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Sons.
- TASL is the fastest emerging company in India’s Defence and Aerospace sector. It has established capabilities and demonstrated deliveries in Aerospace & Aero-Structures, Missile Systems, Radar Systems and Command & Control Systems etc.
18. The Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) successfully conducted proof firing tests of Armament system for 155 mm x 52 calibre New Advanced Towed Artillery Artillery Gun System (ATAGS). The tests were conducted as part of technical trials at Proof & Experimental Establishment (PXE) in Balasore, Odisha.
Key Facts
- ATAGS is fully indigenously built towed artillery gun system undertaken in mission mode by DRDO as a part of artillery modernisation programme of Indian Army.
- Pune based Armament Research & Development Establishment (ARDE) is the nodal laboratory of DRDO for design and development of ATAGS along with collaboration of other DRDO laboratories.
- The Armament system of ATAGS mainly comprises a barrel, muzzle brake, breech mechanism and recoil mechanism to fire 155 mm calibre ammunitions.
- It has a longer firing range of 40 Kms with accuracy and precision and provides greater fire power.
- It is also has night firing capability in direct fire mode. ATAGS has been configured with all electric drive in order to ensure maintenance free and reliable operation over a longer period of time.
- It also has advanced features in terms of high mobility, quick deployability, auxiliary power mode, advanced communication system, automatic command and control system.
19. INS India, the base depot ship of Indian Navy at New Delhi celebrated its 75th anniversary (Platinum Jubilee) on 13 July 2016. As a run up to celebrate this grand occasion, a series of events were organised.
A Health Run and a Dream Walk was organised.
A blood donation camp was also organised.
About INS India
INS India was established as HMIS Health Management Information System (India in 1941 as small unit with a complement of just a handful of officers and sailors.
It was rechristened as INS India on 26 Jan 1950.
The base depot ship has the privilege of being the Flagship of the Chief of the Naval Staff.
It is now a major establishment in New Delhi with a plethora of duties and responsibilities.
It provides administrative and logistics cover to all officers and sailors borne in Naval Headquarters and other units at Delhi. During 75 years of transition of INS India, the establishment has seen as many as 32 Commanding Officers.
20.The Supreme Court of India has ruled that army and paramilitary forces cannot use excessive and retaliatory force during counter-insurgency operations in disturbed areas declared disturbed under the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA), 1958. The verdict was given by SC bench of Justice Madan B. Lokur and Justice Uday Umesh Lalit on the plea filed by the Extra Judicial Execution Victim Families Association (EEVFAM). In the plea EEVFAM had sought a SIT probe into the killing of 1,528 persons by the Manipur Police and security forces since 1978. Supreme Court Ruling The use of excessive force or retaliatory force by the armed forces of the Union or Manipur Police is not permissible. Criminal courts have the jurisdiction over cases of alleged excesses by security forces which earlier were under blanket of immunity provided by AFSPA. Armed forces should refrain from resorting to excessive fire power in counter-insurgency operations. When state uses such retaliatory force leading to death of people, it is referred to as an extra-judicial killing or an extra-judicial execution or as it is called administrative liquidation.
21. The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has signed Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) with IIT-Bombay and Madras to establish a bi-nodal ‘Centre of Propulsion Technology’ (CoPT) at the two institutions. The initiative is aims to achieve synergy between DRDO and IITs for channelising the research efforts for developing products and related critical aerospace technologies. Key Facts The Centre will evolve mechanisms to facilitate execution of programmes related to propulsion technology. It will engage both IITs as primary research nodes. It will also undertake advanced collaborative research in the areas of critical defence technologies. It will facilitate and undertake multidisciplinary directed research in the focused areas of futuristic aero engines, hypersonic propulsion for long duration flight.
22. World’s largest international maritime exercise named RIMPAC (Rim of the Pacific) 2016 held in Pacific Ocean at Hawaii, United States.
RIMPAC 2016 will see participation of navies from 26 countries. This year it is the 25th edition of biennial exercise in the series that began in 1971.
RIMPAC 2016 Theme: “Capable, Adaptive, Partners”.
Key Facts
- In this edition of exercise (from 30 June to 4 August 2016), 45 ships, 5 submarines, about 200 aircrafts and 25000 personnel are participating. 26 Participating Countries are: Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Denmark, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, China, Peru, Korea, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Tonga, the United Kingdom and the United States.
- Participating countries will exercise wide range of capabilities including complex warfighting, maritime security, disaster relief operations and sea control.
- It will also include war games that will cover the Hawaiian Island and southern California.
- In RIMPAC 2016, three new nations are participating for the first time. They are Denmark, Germany and Italy.
- India is being represented by Indian Naval ship (INS) Satpura, an indigenously built guided missile stealth frigate.
About Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) Exercise
- The RIMPAC is the world’s largest international maritime warfare exercise.
- It is held biennially during June and July of even-numbered years from Honolulu, Hawaii.
- It is hosted and administered by the United States Navy’s Pacific Fleet (headquartered at Pearl Harbor) in conjunction with the Marine Corps, the Coast Guard, and Hawaii National Guard forces under the control of the Governor of Hawaii.
- Host country United States invites military forces of countries from the Pacific Rim and beyond to participate.
- The biennial exercise seeks to provide a unique training opportunity to participants in order foster cooperative relationships to ensure the safety of sea lanes and security on the world’s oceans.
23.Indian Navy has launched INS Tarasa, the fourth and last ship in the series of the Water Jet Fast Attack Craft (WJFAC).
It is being built by Kolkata (West Bengal) based Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd (GRSE), for the Indian Navy. The WJFACs are ideally suited and used for interception of fast-moving surface craft.
About INS Tarasa
- INS Tarasa like the previously launched ships of WJFACs series has been named after the picturesque island in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago in Bay of Bengal.
- It is an improved variant of the Car Nicobar-class high-speed offshore patrol vessels (OPVs).
- It is powered by the latest 4,000-series MTU engines and has displacement capacity of 315 tonnes. It is fitted with advanced machinery control system.
- It has been designed to attain maximum speed of 35 knots and for an endurance of nearly 2,000 nautical miles at 12-14 knots.
- The ship will be fitted with CRN-91 indigenous 30mm gun with optronic pedestal.
- It will also have the latest communication equipment and radars to enable effective surveillance. INS Tarasa will perform anti-smuggling, fishery protection and search and rescue operations.
24.The first squadron of indigenously designed and manufactured Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas was inducted into Indian Air Force (IAF). State-run Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) handed over the first two Tejas aircrafts to IAF as part squadron at the Aircraft System Testing Establishment in Bengaluru. Key Facts The first squadron of LCA Tejas has been named as ‘Flying Daggers’. Its base will be located in Sulur, Tamil Nadu. It will have total 20 aircrafts, including 4 trainers. However, the two aircrafts will be operated initially by the squadron at Bengaluru for nearly two years. Remaining 18 aircraft including 4 trainers will be inducted at Sulur base in 2018. About LCA Tejas Tejas is a single-engine lightweight multi-role fighter jet. It has been pegged as world’s smallest and lightest supersonic fighter. It is outcome of India’s LCA programme, which began in the 1983 to replace country’s aging MiG-21 fighters. It is a tailless and having compound delta wing design. It is powered by a single engine. It is mounted with inbuilt MultiMode Radar (MMR), Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) systems. It is equipped with a quadruplex digital fly-by-wire flight control system in order to ease handling by the pilot. LCA Tejas has a limited reach of a little over 400-km. It will be mainly used for close air-to-ground operations. Note: LCA Tejas is not the first indigenous fighter to be inducted into the IAF. In April 1967, IAF had formed the first operational squadron with the indigenous HF-24 Marut fighter.
25.India’s first integrated Defence Communication Network (DCN) was launched by Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar in South Block, Delhi The network will enable India Army, Air force, Navy and the Special Forces Command to share situational awareness for a faster decision-making process. Key Facts DCN is the largest single satellite network in the Indian Defence Forces, spread across the country. It is a strategic, highly secure and scalable system. It has has a pan-India reach from Ladakh to the North East to island territories. The tri-communication network makes voice data and video data accessible to the three services over a secured network. It has been designed, developed and deployed by the information technology services, distribution and digital solutions firm HCL Infosystems. It is capable of working on both terrestrial as well as satellite mode of communication and has also been fixed onboard different military vehicles. HCL Infosystems has had a long association with the Indian Defence sector. The company has closely worked with the Indian Air Force (IAF) to deploy AFCEL (Air Force Cellular Network) and Air Force Network (AFNet). AFNet: It is the first network of its kind for Indian armed forces which interlinks major installations throughout the country on a high bandwidth network and incorporates latest traffic transportation technology in the form of Internet Protocol.
26.The medium range surface-to-air missile missile (MR-SAM) developed jointly by India and Israel was successfully test-fired. During the test, the missile was launched from a mobile launcher in the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipur, Odisha. After getting signal from the radars, the missile successfully intercepted a moving aerial target supported by unmanned air vehicle (UAV) ‘Banshee’. Key Facts The MR-SAM has been developed jointly by Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL), a laboratory of the DRDO in collaboration with Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI). The missile consists of Multi-Functional Surveillance and Threat Alert Radar (MF-STAR) system for detection, tracking and guidance. The MR-SAM has strike ranges from 50 to 70 km. Once inducted into Indian Armed forces, it will provide the users capability to neutralise any aerial threats. Earlier in December 2015, Indian Navy had successfully test launched the long range surface-to-air missile (LR-SAM), also developed with Israel’s assistance. The test was undertaken on the Western Seaboard by INS Kolkata.
27. ndigenously-built heavyweight anti-submarine torpedo Varunastra has been successfully inducted in the Indian Navy. With this India becomes one of the eight countries in the world to have the capability to design and build such anti-submarine torpedo system. Key Facts The Varunastra torpedo has been developed by Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL), a premier laboratory of DRDO. It weighs around 1.25 tonnes and carries about 250 kg of explosives at a speed of around 40 nautical miles an hour. It has almost 95% indigenous content. It is capable of targeting stealthy and quiet submarines, both in deep and littoral waters in intense counter-measure environment. It has advanced autonomous guidance algorithms with low drift navigational aids, insensitive warhead which can operate in various combat scenarios. It has integrated instrumentation system for recording its all the dynamic parameters in case of emergency shut down or malfunction. It has a GPS-based locating aid which is a unique feature in contemporary torpedoes in the world. The torpedo can be launched from Delhi, Kolkata, Teg, Talwar and Kamorta classes of warships. Torpedo: It is a self-propelled weapon with an explosive warhead. It is launched above or below the water surface and propelled underwater towards a target. It is designed to detonate either on contact with its target or in proximity to it
28. India became the 35th full member of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR).
- It would be mutually beneficial in the furtherance of international non-proliferation objectives.
- In this regard, Foreign Secretary S Jaishankar signed the instrument of accession to MTCR in New Delhi. It marks India’s first entry into any multilateral export control regime. India’s accession to the regime was conveyed by the MTCR Point of Contact in Paris through the French Embassy in New Delhi as well as Embassies of The Netherlands and Luxembourg.
- India was able to successfully enter this multilateral export control regime with the unopposed support of all 34 MTCR Partners. Earlier in 2015, India’s bid for the membership to the group had failed after it was blocked by Italy. Implications By becoming MTCR member, India will now be able to buy high-end missile technology and also can enhance its defence joint ventures with Russia.
- India’s inclusion to the MTCR will also strengthen its own export controls, which will in turn help it to justify transferring sensitive technology in front of other MTCR members.
- Further, it will pave way for India’s bid to become the member of Nuclear Supplier Group (NSG), Wassenaar Arrangement (dealing with conventional arms, dual-use goods and technologies) and Australia Group (dealing with chemical weapons).
About Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
- MTCR was established by G-7 countries in 1987.
- The aim of the MTCR is to restrict the proliferation of missiles, unmanned air vehicles (UAVs), complete rocket systems and related technology for those systems capable of carrying a 500 kilogram payload for at least 300 kms, as well as systems intended for the delivery of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs)
29. BrahMos Aerospace for the first time successfully demonstrated integration of the world’s most formidable supersonic cruise missile system BrahMos on the Sukhoi SU-30 MKI fighter aircraft.
- In this regard, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited’s (HAL) Nasik division conducted a test flight of a 2,500 kg supersonic BrahMos missile integrated with SU-30 MKI aircraft at its Nasik airport.
- With the successful integration of BrahMos missile system with Su-30 MKI aircraft Indian Air Force (IAF) became the first air force in the world in procession of a supersonic cruise missile system with a long range fighter aircraft.
- IAF also moved few steps closer towards actual test firing when a 2.5 tonnes supersonic BrahMos air-to-ground missile from the Su-30 MKI.
The powerful supersonic BrahMos missile will enable the IAF to penetrate deep inside the enemy territory to deliver a deadly blow to their vital installations from stand-off ranges.
The Sukhoi-BrahMos combination will also help IAF to carry out air combat operations within and beyond visibility range.
About BrahMos missile
BrahMos supersonic cruise missile has been designed and developed by BrahMos Aerospace, a joint venture of India and Russia.
Missile’s name has been derived from the names of two rivers, India’s Brahmaputra River and Russia’s Moskva River.
Features:
- It has top supersonic speed of Mach 2.8 and is capable of carrying a warhead of 300 kilogram.
- It is two-stage missile, the first one being solid and the second one ramjet liquid propellant.
- It can strike a target at maximum range of 290 km.
30.The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) chaired by Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar has given its approval to for the purchase of 145 Ultra-Light Howitzers (ULH) guns from the US. The procurement of ULH will be through the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) route from the US and it will cost around 750 million dollars.
As part of this deal, 25 ULH guns will come to India directly from US in a fly away condition.
Rest will be assembled in India at the proposed Assembly Integration and Test facility (AITF) for the weapon system in partnership with Mahindra and Mahindra Company.
Ultra-Light Howitzers (ULH) Guns
- It is being manufactured by BAE Systems’ Global Combat Systems division. It is smaller and lighter.
- It weighs 4,100 kg and can be easily transported by helicopters.
- It has effective firing range of 24 km.
- It will be deployed in high altitude areas in Arunachal Pradesh and Ladakh, bordering China under the Mountain Strike Corps (raised in 2013).
- Besides, DAC also approved Acquisition of five diving support craft for 150 crore rupees 386-crore rupees project for modernisation and augmentation of facilities at naval dockyard and naval ship repair yards.
- Buying of indigenously made simulators for Jaguar aircraft for 500 crore rupees and setting up of an electronic warfare range for 1,300 crore rupees through indigenous capability.
- DAC also asked Ordnance Factory Board (Jabalpur) to provide three 155 mm 45 caliber indigenously produced guns Dhanush to Indian Army by end of June 2016.
- Dhanush is also known as Desi Bofors.
Defence Acquisition Council (DAC):
- It is an apex body of Union Defence Ministry for clearing defence procurement proposals forwarded by the Indian Army, Navy and Air Force.
31. The Indian Air Force (IAF) created history by inducting 3 women fighter pilots for first time. These three women fighter pilots are Bhawana Kanth, Avani Chatuvedi and Mohana Singh.
They were officially commissioned as fighter pilots in the IAF in presence of Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar at a ceremony held at Air Force Academy, Dundigal, Hyderabad.
32. India, Japan and United States (US) navies have kicked off 2016 MALABAR trilateral naval Exercise near South China Sea. This year it is the 20th edition of the naval exercise in which over 100 aircraft and 22 naval ships including a nuclear submarine are participating.
Key facts
- The 20th edition of the naval exercise will be conducted for 8 days. It includes harbour phase exercises at Sasebo, Japan and the sea phase exercises in the Pacific Ocean.
- Aim of exercise: Increase interoperability amongst the three navies and develop common understanding of procedures for Maritime Security Operations.
- Scope of 2016 MALABAR: It includes professional interactions in harbour and sea phases, including complex sub-surface, surface and air operations.
Participation:
- The joint fleet of 3 navies will include aircraft carriers, warships and fast attack submarines.
- India’s Participation: Four ships of Indian Navy from the Eastern Fleet are participating in the naval exercise in consonance with country’s ‘Act East Policy’.
33.The United States has recognised India as a major defence partner which will pave way to bring it closest US allies for defence related trade and technology transfer. Announcement in this regard was made in the joint statement issued after Prime Minister Narendra Modi held talks with US President Barack Obama in Washington. Under the recognition US will work towards facilitating defence related trade and technology sharing with India to a level commensurate with that of its closest allies and partners. India will receive license-free access to a wide range of dual-use defence technologies in conjunction with steps that India has committed to take to advance its export control objectives. US will continue to facilitate the export of goods and technologies, consistent with the US laws in support of official US-India defence cooperation. It will support of India’s ambitious ‘Make In India’ initiative and also support the development of robust defence industries and their integration into the global supply chain.
34. India has joined the Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (HCoC), a global ballistic missile proliferation regime. India has joined the Code highlighting its readiness to further strengthen global non-proliferation objectives. However, India has made it clear that it will not have any impact on the national security as well as country’s missile programmes. What is Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (HCoC)? The HCoC is a voluntary, legally non-binding international confidence building and transparency measure that seeks to prevent the proliferation of ballistic missiles that are capable of delivering weapons of mass destruction (WMD). It was established on 25 November 2002 as a result of international efforts to regulate access to ballistic missiles which can potentially deliver WMDs The HCOC does not ban ballistic missiles, but it calls for restraining their production, testing, and export. It is the only normative instrument to verify the spread of ballistic missiles. Ballistic Missile: It is a missile with a high, arching trajectory which is initially powered and guided, but falls under gravity on to its target. Most of its trajectory is unpowered and governed by gravity and air resistance if it is in the atmosphere. In contrasts, cruise missiles are aerodynamically guided in powered flight.
35.Admiral Sunil Lanba (58) took charge as Chief of the Naval Staff. He will be 23rd chief of Indian Navy and 21st as an Indian. He succeeded Admiral Robin K. Dhowan who will superannuate from the post. He shall hall have full three-year-term in office till 31 May 2019. About Sunil Lanba Prior to this appointment, he was Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief (FOC-in-C) Western Naval Command. He is a specialist in Navigation and Direction and an alumnus of National Defense Academy (NDA) and Defence Services Staff College He has very rich staff and operational experience over a career spanning more than three decades with the Indian Navy. Important Assignments: He was commissioned into the Executive Branch of Indian Navy in 1978. He has served as Navigating Officer of INS Dunagiri (Frigate) and INS Sindhudurg (Corvette). He also had commanded four frontline warships namely, INS Kakinada (Minesweeper), INS Ranvijay, INS Himgiri (Frigate) and INS Mumbai (Destroyers). He also had held important staff assignments such as Fleet Operations Officer of the Western Fleet and Chief of Staff, Southern and Eastern Naval Commands. He also had been the Flag Officer Commanding Maharashtra and Gujarat Naval Area, Flag Officer Sea Training, Commandant at National Defence College and Vice Chief of Naval Staff. Awards and Honours: For his distinguished service of an exceptionally high order, was awarded with the Param Vishist Seva Medal and Athi Vishist Seva Medal.
36.The Indian Air Force (IAF) successfully test-fired a land-attack version of the supersonic cruise missile, BrahMos at the Pokaran field firing range in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan. Test: During the flight trial, the missile met its mission goals and destroyed a designated target. Two squadrons of IAF already have been equipped with the land-attack version of the missile version (One squadron has about 70 to 80 missiles). IAF is deploying this version of the missile in the border areas to take out the enemy’s communication towers, runways, and radar in case of a conflict. About Brahmos missile BrahMos supersonic cruise missile has been designed and developed by BrahMos Aerospace, a joint venture of India and Russia. It has derived its name from the names of two rivers, India’s Brahmaputra River and Russia’s Moskva River. It operates on fire and forget principal and is capable of being launched from land, sea, sub-sea and air against sea and land targets. Features: It is capable of carrying a warhead of 300 kilogram and has top supersonic speed of Mach 3 (that is, three times the speed of sound). It can strike a target at maximum range of 290-km. It is two-stage missile, the first one being solid and the second one ramjet liquid propellant. BrahMos missile already has been inducted into the Indian Army and Navy.
37.The Indian Navy has commissioned indigenously built highly maneuverable Fast Attack Craft INS Tarmugli at the commissioning ceremony held in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. INS Tarmugli will be based in Visakhapatnam under the Naval Officer-in-Charge (Andhra Pradesh). It would be deployed for coastal patrol and surveillance operations along the East Coast of India. Key facts INS Tarmugli is indigenously conceived, designed and built by M/s Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd (GRSE). It is the first Follow-on Water Jet Fast Attack Craft (WJFAC) and is an improved version of WJFAC, earlier constructed by GRSE. The ship is named after a picturesque Tarmugli island located in the Andaman group. Features: INS Tarmugli weighs 320-tonne and is 48 meters in length. It can achieve speeds in excess of 30 knots. It is fitted with advanced MTU engines, water jet propulsion and the latest communication equipment. Ship’s Crew: It is manned by a team comprising four officers and 41 sailors with one Commanding Officer. Ship’s Main Role: Built for extended coastal and offshore surveillance and patrol the warship. It is capable of operating in shallow waters at high speeds and is equipped with enhanced fire power. Ships armament: It is equipped with of a 30 mm CRN 91 gun, an electronic day-night fire control system namely Stabilised Optronic Pedestal (SOP), two 12.7 mm heavy machine guns (HMG) and multiple medium machine guns and shoulder-launched Igla surface-to-air missiles to combat aerial threats.
38.Indigenously developed nuclear capable Prithvi-II surface-to-surface missile was successfully test-fired from a test range at Chandipur in Odisha. Missile test: It was carried out by Strategic Force Command (SFC) from a mobile launcher at launch complex-3 from the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipur in Odisha. About Prithvi-II Missile Prithvi-II is a tactical short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) developed by indigenously by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). It is the first missile indigenously developed by DRDO under India’s prestigious Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP). Powered by: Can operate with both liquid and solid fuel twine engines. Warheads: Capable of carrying 500 kg to 1,000 kg of nuclear as well as conventional warheads. Strike Range: It has strike range of 350 km. It has the ability to dodge enemy missiles and uses advanced inertial guidance system with manoeuvring trajectory to hit its target. It has advanced inertial navigation, control and guidance system. It uses advanced inertial guidance system with manoeuvering trajectory. The missile was inducted into Indian armed forces in 2003. Variants: Prithvi-I for the Indian Army; Prithvi-II for the Indian Air Force; and the Dhanush for the Indian Navy. The last user trial of Prithvi-II was successfully conducted on February 16, 2016 from the same test range in Odisha.
39. Indigenously developed Advanced Air Defence (AAD) interceptor missile, Ashwin was successfully test fired. The test was the twelfth test of interceptor missiles fired from a warship in the Bay of Bengal. Of the 11 tests held earlier, 9 were successful. Test: The interceptor missile was test fired from the complex of Abdul Kalam Island (formerly known as Wheeler Island) in Balasore district off Odisha coast. It hit the target which another ballistic missile i.e. a modified version of Prithvi weapon system. The missile also validated various parameters of the interceptor in flight mode. Key facts AAD interceptor missile Ashwin is the advanced version of low altitude supersonic ballistic interceptor missile. It is indigenously developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and is capable of destroying any incoming hostile ballistic missile. Features: It is capable of destroying any incoming hostile ballistic missile is 7.5-meter long and weighs around 1.2 tonnes. It has a diameter of less than 0.5 meter. It is single-stage solid rocket propelled guided missile. It is equipped with a hi-tech computer, a navigation system and an electro-mechanical activator. The missile also has its own mobile launcher, secure data link for interception, independent tracking and homing capabilities and sophisticated radars Comment With this successful test India became the fourth country in the world to have full-fledged multi-layer Ballistic Missile Defence system. Other three countries are United States, Russia and Israel. The successful test will also pave the way for the induction of the supersonic interceptor missiles in the Indian armed forces. It will also strengthen India’s position in the very exclusive and elite Ballistic Missile Defence club of the other three countries.
40.The multilateral Red Flag Aerial combat exercises between US, NATO and allied forces and India Air Force (IAF) concluded in Alaska, US. The four-week long (from April 28 to May 13, 2016) aerial combat exercises was held at the Nellis Air Force Base, Alaska. This was the second time India had participated in such an exercise after 2008.
Key facts
- Objective of IAF’s participation in this inter-continental exercise was to showcase its capability in undertaking integrated air operations and gain also operational lessons.
- In this edition, IAF flew 10 aircraft viz. 4 Su-30MKIs, 4 Jaguars and 2 IL-78 aerial refuelling tankers and a team of over 170 personnel was part of the exercise.
- The exercise was conducted multiple simulated scenario to provide realistic settings with a Red Force, defending their airspace and assets and a Blue Force acting as offensive side.
- Red Force was constituted by US F-16 fighters, while the IAF planes along with other USAF aircraft such as F-15, F-16 and F-22 and US Navy F-18, constituted the Blue Force.
- The exercise also endured the sub-zero temperatures, which posed a challenge to the maintenance team to maintain 100 per cent serviceability of all platforms.
About Red Flag Air Exercises
- The Red Flag exercise is advanced aerial combat training exercises, held periodically at the Nellis Air Force Base since 1975.
- The exercises provide an opportunity to the pilots from the US, NATO and other allied countries to practice and refine their skills for real combat situations.
- The real combat situations include the use of live ammunition for bombing exercises and enemy hardware within the Nellis complex.
- India’s Participation: Due to high cost of participation, IAF takes part in the exercise once in every five year.
- For the first time IAF had participated in 2008, and for second time it was scheduled in 2013 but the plan was cancelled by the US following budget cuts.
41.Indian Air Force has launched its Electronic Maintenance Management System (e-MMS) Project, an automated military maintenance system. It was inaugurated by the Chief of Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha at the Air Force Station in Pune, Maharashtra. Key facts The e-MMS project is one of the largest Maintenance Repair Overhaul (MRO) IT implementation in the world. The project has been designed and developed by the Indian IT giant Wipro. IAF had signed the contract for the project e-MMS with Wipro as a System Integrator (SI) in 2013. The e-MMS system has a central console that will help IAF to get rid of paper works and heavy logbooks. It seeks to seamlessly connect squadrons, wings, commands, and Air Headquarters after its implementation. It will transform IAF’s paper-based legacy maintenance system to an online system as it will be implemented in IAF’s hierarchy and functioning. It will help to transform work environment of IAF to become more efficient and also help to monitor the operational availability of all fleets and systems in real time at various hierarchical levels.
42.Indian Army had conducted major military training exercise ‘2016 Chakravyuh-II’ in Suratgarh, Rajasthan. Purpose of the exercise: Validate battle readiness and operational effectiveness of the Pivot Formation and Rapid Division of Indian Army along with all its affiliated components. Key facts The Chakravyuh-II exercise involved rapid mobilisation and execution of battle plans in conjunction with the Indian Air Force (IAF). It envisaged mechanised manoeuvres in the entire spectra of new generation weapons, systems and platforms in the rapid urbanisation and development areas along the border. It has provided an opportunity to all commanders in planning and conducting large scale operations in an integrated theatre environment along with IAF. It mainly included fighter ground attack aircrafts, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), attack helicopters, remotely piloted vehicles and communication helicopters. During the exercise surveillance, intelligence, reconnaissance and communication systems were put to test in a network-centric battlefield environment and were supported by required operational logistics. Improved mobility, extensive use of information technology and inventory management techniques were also validated to ensure logistics are deployed in the fast paced operational environment.
43. Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) has launched Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Shaurya at Panaji. It was launched by the Governor of Goa, Mridula Sinha, in the presence of GSl and ICG officials. Key facts ICGS Shaurya is fifth of a series of six Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPVs) designed in-house and built by GSL. The vessel is 105-metre long and is capable of cruising at a speed of 23 knots. It has a range of 6000 nautical miles. It is powered by twin diesel engines and carries four boats for boarding party operations. It is fitted with state-of-the-art navigation and communication equipment. The ship’s weaponry package has one 30 mm gun and two 12.7 mm guns associated with fire control system. ICGS Shaurya will be commissioned into service in 2017. It will be deployed for search and rescue operations, pollution control and external firefighting. It will also be deployed for monitoring sea lanes of communication and ocean surveillance.
44. INS Kalvari, Indian Navy’s first indigenous Scorpene-class stealth submarine, has recently launched for the first sea trial in the Mumbai naval dockyard. It is a diesel-electric attack submarine which is built under the strategic Project 75 by Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) in collaboration with French naval defence and energy company DCNS. Key facts INS Kalvari is also known as Tiger Shark (or S50). It is expected to be commissioned into Indian Navy by September 2016. It has superior stealth capability and is designed to operate in all theatres including the tropics. It is built using special steel that can withstand high yield stress that can withstand high hydrostatic force and enabling to dive deeper. Operations capability: It can undertake various operations including multifarious warfare, Anti-submarine warfare, Intelligence gathering, mine laying, area surveillance etc. Attack Ability: It can launch attack on the enemy using precision guided weapons and attack can be launched from underwater or on surface. Weapons: It is equipped with Weapons Launching tubes (WLT) that can carry weapons on board and can be easily reloaded at sea.
45. Indian Naval Ships (INS) Veer and Nipat were decommissioned at the Naval Dockyard in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The decommissioning ceremony of these ships was held in the presence of Vice Admiral Sunil Lanba, Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Naval Command. Key facts Both the ships belonged to the 1241 RE class missile vessels. They had served under 22nd Killer Squadron and have completed 29 and 28 years of commissioned service respectively. The ships had played a significant role as the guardian of International Maritime Borderline off west coast of India. These ships are also the first of Veer Class of ships to be decommissioned from the Indian Navy. In their service, they have participated in numerous operations and successfully completed many deployments. They were extensively deployed during the Operations Vijay (1961) and Parakram (2001–2002) of the Indian Navy.
46. The eleventh edition of India-Mongolia joint military training Exercise ‘Nomadic Elephant – 2016’ has commenced at Mongolia. It seeks to promote military associations between India and Mongolia. The first joint exercise was held in 2004 and since then it is annually held. Key facts Aim of exercise is to develop synergy and interoperability between the two armies to fight in Counter Insurgency and Counter Terrorism (CICT) environment under the United Nation mandate. In this edition, a platoon of the Kumaon Regiment of the Indian Army along with a team of two observers is taking part in the event. The Indian contingent will share its practical experiences of CICT operations through a series of classroom lectures and outdoor demonstrations.
47.The Indian Army conducted major battle exercise named as ‘Shatrujeet’ in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan near to the border with Pakistan. The sole purpose of the exercise was to evaluate the capability of the Indian Army and fine tune its proactive war strategy to respond swiftly to any threat to nation’s security. Key facts The 2016 Shatrujeet battle exercise was steered by the Mathura based 1 Corps, one of the three principle strike corps of the Indian Army. It aimed to evaluate the capability of the Indian Army to strike deep into enemy territory in an integrated air-land battle environment. It was an operation-oriented exercise that focused on validating integrated battle theatre fighting concept. It also incorporated the new-age technologies, weapon platforms and systems as well as long range precision targeting vectors. It was post preparatory training exercise manoeuvres at subordinate units and formation levels by conducting integrated operational manoeuvres. It mainly validated India Army’s operational plans in simulated high tempo battlefield environment and terrain. Background Indian Army at regular intervals undertakes such battle exercises at different levels to ensure forces are provided war-like situations and kept in high-state of battle readiness as part of so called Cold Start Doctrine. The doctrine involves the various branches of India’s military conducting offensive operations against enemy (mainly Pakistan) as part of unified battle groups. It would involve limited, rapid armoured thrusts, with infantry and necessary air support. Under it, the offensive operations must begin within 48 hours after orders have been issued. Such a limited response time would enable Indian forces to surprise their enemy. It is intended to allow India’s conventional forces to perform holding attacks in order to prevent a nuclear retaliation from the enemy.
48. The Union Government has renamed Panagarh Air Force Base of Indian Air Force in West Bengal as ‘Air Force Station Arjan Singh’ in honour of the Marshal of the Air Force Arjan Singh. It was renamed on the occasion of 97th birthday of Arjan Singh. Air Officer Commander-in-Chief of the Eastern Air Command, Air Marshal C. Harikumar unveiled the rechristening plaque. This is first time in India’s defence history, a military installations has been named after individuals, especially when they are alive. About Arjan Singh Singh was born on April 15, 1919, in Lyalpur (now Faislabad, Pakistan). He had completed his education at Montgomery (now Sahiwal, Pakistan). He was selected to the Empire Pilot training course at RAF Cranwell at the tender age of 19 years. He had served on different positions in RAF during the British Rule. On August 15, 1947, he had achieved a unique honour of leading a fly-past of over a hundred IAF aircraft over the Red Fort in Delhi. He had served as the IAF chief from August 1964 to 69. He was the first Indian Air Chief to be elevated to the rank of Air Chief Marshal in 1966. He had led the Indian Air Force (IAF) in the 1965 India-Pakistan war. He had launched IAF;s Operation Grand Slam that targeted at the vital town of Akhnoor of Pakistan. He retired in August 1969 and later was appointed as Ambassador of India to Switzerland. He also had served as Lieutenant Governor of New Delhi from 1989 to 1990. Awards and Honours: In recognition of his lifelong services, Union government conferred the rank of the “Marshal of the Indian Air Force” on him in 2002 making him the first and the only ‘Five Star’ rank officer with the IAF. He was awarded Padma Vibhushan for his astute leadership of the Air Force during the India-Pakistan war. Panagarh Air Force Base: It is one of the crucial Air Force Base in the eastern theatre. It is located in Burdwan district of West Bengal. It was constructed in 1944 during the World War II. It has played a significant role in the 1965 and 1971 wars with Pakistan.
49.Nuclear capable submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLMB) code named K-4, was successfully test fired from an undisclosed location in the Bay of Bengal.
Test: It was conducted by the Strategic Forces Command (SFC) along with Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) which provided all logistics.
The missile was fired from 20-meter deep from onboard silos of the Ship Submersible Ballistic, Nuclear (SSBN) submarine. During the test it successfully hit with high accuracy after covering more than 700 km distance.
About K-4 ballistic missile
- The K-4 is part of the K-family of missiles, a series of SLBMs (Submarine-launched ballistic missile).
- The series is named after former president and scientist A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
- It under development by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) to arm the Arihant-class submarines.
- It is a derivative of nuclear capable Agni series (medium to intercontinental range) missile which are already in service. It has reduced length compared to Agni series.
Features:
- The K-4 missile is an Intermediate range SLBM with effective range of over 3500 km.
- It is 12 metres long and has a diameter of 1.3 metres.
- It weighs nearly 17 tonnes. It is powered solid rocket propellant.
- It can carry a nuclear as well as conventional warhead weighing up to 2 tonnes.
- First test: In 2010, the first gas-booster of K-4 missile was successfully tested from a submerged pontoon. The first test was carried out in 2014 from a depth of 30 metres.
50. Indigenously developed surface-to-air supersonic Akash missile System was successfully test fired from complex-3 of the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipuri in Odisha.
- Test: Two rounds of Akash missiles were fired against Pilot less target aircraft (PTA) Lakshya, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Banshee and Para-barrel.
- It successfully destroyed the targets coordinated by the user, demonstrating its ‘killing’ efficiency. About Akash Missile Akash (in English it means sky) is a mid-range surface-to-air missile (SAM).
- It is medium range nuclear capable supersonic missile. Indigenously developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) under the Integrated Guided-Missile Development Programme (IGMDP).
Features:
- The missile has supersonic speeds ranging from Mach 2.8 to 3.5.
- It is multi target, multi directional, all weather air-defence system consisting of surveillance and tracking radars.
- It has capability to carry warhead of 60 kg.
- It can engage aerial targets up to a range of approximately 25 kms. It can reach a high altitude of 18 kms and as low as 30 meters.
- It is powered by Ramjet-rocket propulsion system (RRPS) which renders thrust for the missile to intercept the target at supersonic speed without any retardation.
- It is capable of neutralising aerial targets like cruise missiles, fighter jets, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and air-to-surface missiles.
- The missile was formally inducted into the IAF in July 2015.
51. Pakistan has test fired anti-ship surface to sea “Zarb” missile from the coastal areas successfully. It hit its target in the Arabian Sea after it was fired from a strategic point located at a coastal area. The missile was formally inducted into Pakistan Navy‘s defence system soon after the test.
52.Pakistan and China have launched a joint bilateral air force exercise named Shaheen (Eagle) 5 in Pakistan. This is the fifth edition of such drill between the two countries that will take place from April 9 to 30, 2016. This edition of exercise seeks to boost bilateral relations between all-weather friends China and Pakistan. For its part Pakistan wants to upgrade its air force, now dependent on a mostly outmoded fleet of US, French and Chinese fighter jets.
53. India’s first indigenous composites sonar dome, a ship’s underwater eyes and ears, was flagged off by Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar. The sonar dome was dedicated to the nation dedicated to the nation and will be delivered to Mazgaon Docks, Mumbai for use in the warships of Indian Navy. Key facts The sonar dome is dsigned and produced by a Defence and Research Development Organisation’s (DRDO’s) Research and Development Establishment (Engineers) lab based in Pune. It is a first of its kind in the country to be manufactured by the Goa-based composites manufacturing company Kineco. The sonar dome functions as the ship’s underwater eyes and ears and mostly all anti-submarine warfare (ASW) ships have a sonar array fitted to the ship structure below the waterline. The sonar dome is a structure is fitted over the sonar array to make it acoustically transparent in order to avoid exposure of its electronics and sensors to surrounding hostile environment. With successfully building indigenous sonar dome, India joins a select group of nations which have the capability of realising large composites structure with complex geometry, high structural rigidity and multi-functional requirements with acoustic transparency. Sonar: It is an acronym for SOund Navigation And Ranging. It is a technique that uses sound propagation (usually underwater) to navigate, communicate with or detect objects on or under the surface of the water, such as other vessels.
54.India’s biggest ever land, naval and homeland security exhibition Defence Expo 2016 began in Goa. The four-day biennial event was inaugurated by the Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar. This for the first time, the Expo is being held outside the national capital New Delhi. Key facts Defence Expo 2016 is the 9th edition of the series of biennial land, naval and internal homeland security systems exhibitions. The 2016 theme is “Rise of Futurism” and its vision is to make India prosperous by establishing world class science and technology base in defence sector. It also seeks to provide India’s Defence Services decisive edge by equipping them with internationally competitive systems and solutions. The Expo will see participation of 1,053 companies from 47 countries including major defence production countries like Russia, US, Germany, Italy, Japan and Israel. They will display their warfare ware in their stalls to each other and demonstrate the capabilities of their defence equipment. It will also see participation of the major public and private sector companies in India including Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). DRDO will display live demo of Airborne Early Warning & Control System (AEWCS), Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas, Main Battle Tank (MTB) Arjun, Wheeled Armoured Platform AKASH, Air Defence System, Pinaka Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher, state of art Radars, and other equipment.
55.he Indian Air Force (IAF) has conducted its flagship day-night exercise ‘Iron-fist 2016’ at Pokhran firing range in Rajasthan. The day-night exercise demonstrating IAF’s combat and fire power was conducted in the presence of Hon’ble President Shri Pranab Mukherjee and Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The event comprised 6 packages depicting 6 different themes in which more than 180 aircraft, including fighters, transport and helicopters of IAF participated. They are Fly Past: It depicted the great journey of the IAF over 8 decades with the aircraft of yesteryear flying wing to wing along with the latest acquisitions of the IAF. Net Enabled Operations: It showcased the indigenously developed Airborne Early Warning and Control System (AEWCS) of aircrafts. It also displayed multiple aircraft weapon delivery demonstration of precision based bombing at simulated enemy targets. Air Defence Operations: The multi-layered Air Defence Operations of the IAF was demonstrated by the Flight Refuelling aircraft (IL-78 FRA) along with two Su-30 aircraft and the indigenously built Light Combat Aircraft ‘Tejas’. Combat Support Operations: It showcased the very important role played by the IAF in support of the ground forces using live weapons. The assault landing capability of C-130 J aircraft and fire fighting capability of the Mi-17V5 were also displayed. Flying Displays: It displayed aerobatic displays by the Sarangs, Suryakirans and the Su-30. All Weather Operations: The night capabilities of the IAF were also displayed with number of targets were engaged in this phase by fighters, transport aircraft and helicopters using rockets as well as bombs. The event mainly showcased more than 22 types of platforms and Weapons Systems of IAF. Frontline fighter aircraft including Sukhoi-30, Mirage-2000, Jaguar, MiG-29, Attack helicopters, Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) and high tech AWACS were displayed during the show. IAF’s indigenous project – Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) “Tejas” was also a part. Transport aircraft like An-32, IL-76, IL-78, Embraer and C-130J also participateD
56.Indigenously developed nuclear capable surface-to-surface ballistic missile Agni-I was successfully test-fired off the Odisha coast. Test: It was conducted as part of training exercise by the Strategic Forces Command (SFC) of Indian Army. The missile was fired from mobile launcher at launchpad-4 of the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Abdul Kalam Island (Wheeler Island) off the Odisha coast. About Agni I Missile Agni-I is the first missile of the Agni series launched in 1983 by the DRDO as part of Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) in India. Developed by: Advanced Systems Laboratory, the premier missile development laboratory of DRDO in collaboration with Defence Research Development Laboratory, Research Centre Imarat and was integrated by Hyderabad based Bharat Dynamics Limited. Powered by: Both solid and liquid propellants and can be fired from road and rail mobile launchers. Features: It weighs around 12 tonnes and is 15-metre-long. Payloads: Designed to carry both conventional and nuclear payload of about 1000 kg. Speed and Range: It can travel at a speed of 2.5 km/s and can destroy targets ranging between 700 and 1250 kms away. Advance Technology: It is equipped with sophisticated navigation system which helps to navigate missile to hit the target with a high degree of accuracy and precision. Induction: The Agni I missile already has been inducted into armed forces and claimed to be a part of the India’s minimum credible deterrence under No first to use policy. The first trial of Agni-I was conducted in 1989 and the last user trial was conducted in November 2015 from Dr. Abdul Kalam Wheeler Island.
57.The fourth edition of the India-Indonesia Joint Training Exercise Garuda Shakti has begun at Magelang in Indonesia. The 13 days (till 23 March) bilateral exercise aims at (i) Building and promoting positive relations between the Armies of India and Indonesia. (ii) Enhancing their abilities to undertake joint tactical level operations in a counter insurgency environment under United Nations Charter. Key facts In the 4th edition of the joint exercise Indian Army platoon strength contingent will carry out cross training with a platoon from the Airborne battalion of the Indonesian Army. The Indian Contingent has been trained for combat conditioning, firing, tactical operations, tactical skills and special heliborne operations training. Selected Indian unit has had varied operational experience in Counter Insurgency and Counter Terrorist operations in the Northern, Western and Eastern theatres. The exercise will be conducted as joint Counter Insurgency operations exercise in urban and rural scenario and various facets of tactical Counter Insurgency operations (CIO). Both countries will share their experience of CIO and also the ambit of identifying areas of expertise, evolution of combat tactical drills of tactical and to undertake combined training for neutralization of insurgency threat. Background Indo-Indonesia Joint Training Exercise Garuda Shakti is conducted as part of military diplomacy between armies of both countries alternatively in India and Indonesia respectively. The first edition bilateral exercise was conducted on a reciprocal basis in 2012 in India. The second edition was conducted in Indonesia in 2013 and third in India in 2014.
58.The Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) has cleared a proposal to purchase two Phalcon Airborne Warning and Control Systems (AWACS), surveillance aircrafts from Israel. Decision to this effect was taken by CCS meeting chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi. This defence deal will cost India 7,500 crore rupees as per a tripartite agreement signed with Israel and Russia. Significance of this deal: CCS’s approval comes ahead of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s official visit to Israel later in the 2016. This visit will make him first Indian Prime Minister to visit Israel and it will give major boost to Indo-Israel ties. AWACS: They are advanced radars mounted on an aircraft to give an ability to see deep inside enemy territory and 360 degree coverage to detect incoming aircraft and missiles at long ranges. The Indian Air Force (IAF) already had three such AWACS platforms that comprise of Israeli-made radars mounted on Russian heavy transport planes IL-76. The CCS also approved a proposal for induction of the 4th regiment of supersonic cruise missile Brahmos and 2 more of Pinaka rocket launchers in the India Army.
59.The 7th edition of India, Seychelles joint military exercise LAMITYE 2016 concluded in Victoria, Mahe Island, Seychelles. The fourteen day exercise was conducted at Seychelles Defence Academy (SDA), Victoria from February 15 to 28, 2016. Key facts The aim of joint bilateral military exercise was to improve interoperability between armies of both countries in jointly fighting Counter Terrorism/ Counter Insurgency. Indian contingent was represented by an infantry platoon and representatives from the Special Forces. Seychelles People’s Defence Forces (SPDF) was represented by the Tazar (Special Forces Unit) and Seychelles Infantry. This edition mainly focused on interoperability in drills related to Counter Insurgency/ Terrorism, along with number of training activities and exercises Exercise Sea Hunt was also conducted which was culmination of cordon & Search operations in anti-piracy setting enmeshed with hostage rescue operations. Background India and Seychelles are conducting joint military drill ‘Exercise Lamitye’ since 2001. Lamitye in Creole (local dialect of Seychelles) means friendship. The exercise is conducted biennially with the aim of enhancing military cooperation and interoperability between the Armed Forces of two countries.
60.The fifth edition of IBSAMAR 2016 trilateral naval exercise between Brazil, India and South Africa kicked off in Goa. IBSAMAR is abbreviated as India-Brazil-South Africa Maritime. This is the for the first time the exercise is held in India as all the previous editions were held in South Africa since it began in 2006. Key facts This trilateral naval exercise aims at increasing (i) Interoperability among navies of three countries (ii) Common understanding maritime security between them. This edition of IBSAMAR naval exercise will be conducted two phases namely Harbour phase and Sea Phase. During harbour phase, wide range of professional interactions will be undertaken and during Sea Phase diverse range operational activities will be conducted off Goa coast. The thrust of the exercises will be on anti-submarine warfare (ASW), air defence, flying operations, surface firing, search and rescue and tactical procedures. Indian navy is represented by INS Mumbai– a missile destroyer, INS Shalki– a Shisuhumar class diesel electric submarine and INS trishul– a stealth frigate. The Brazilian Navy is represented by Brazilian Naval Ship (BNS) Amazonas embarked with Special Forces. South African Navy is represented by SAS Spioenkop with integral helicopter and embarked with Special Forces. Comment The IBSAMAR trilateral naval exercise epitomises the strong long-term strategic relationship between the three democracies and vibrant economies. It represents the most visible manifestation of convergence of democratic values, economic interests and maritime cooperation.
61.Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has decided to conduct captive flight trials of an advanced, state-of-the-art Anti-Radiation Missile (ARM) in April-May 2016. During captive flight trials DRDO scientist will evaluate performance of the missile’s heat seeker, structural capability, navigation and control system and aerodynamic vibrations. Later by end of 2016, actual ground testing will be conducted and later it will be fired from Su-30 during the actual flight trial. About Anti-Radiation Missile ARM is an air-to-surface tactical missile indigenously developed by Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL) including its heat seeker. It is capable of targeting enemy’s air defence capabilities by attacking radars and communication facilities by picking up the radiation or signals from these facilities. The missile uses dual pulse propulsion system as in the case of LR-SAM (Long Range Surface-to-Air Missile) instead of thrust propulsion. ARM has range of 100 to 125 km and will be mounted on combat aircraft Sukhoi (Su-30) and Tejas-Light Combat Aircraft (LCA). The ARM missile will be inducted into Indian Armed Forces till 2018 after successfully conducting a number of developmental trials. On its induction, India will join other few nations including the US and Germany having ARMs.
62.For the first time, India has participated in the Cobra Gold 2016 multilateral amphibious exercise hosted by Thailand after 12 member Indian Army delegation joined it. In this edition of multilateral exercise, India has accorded as an observer plus status keeping in view its increasing regional operability. Decision regarding India’s participation was earlier conveyed to Thailand during Vice President Hamid Ansari’s visit to the country. Key facts Cobra Gold 2016 is 35th edition of multilateral exercise in which 35 countries have participated and its main theme is humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. In the 10 day exercise (from 9 to 19 February), over 8564 personnel are participating from countries like Indonesia, US, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea and others. About Cobra Gold multilateral exercise Cobra Gold multilateral amphibious exercise is the largest Asia-Pacific military exercise held annually in Thailand. It was first held in 1982 in order to improve relations and coordination between the armed forces of Thailand and US in both humanitarian and hostile military efforts. The exercise was proven effective in improving coordinated military response during numerous natural disasters including the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, 2011 Tōhoku tsunami and aftermath 2013 Typhoon Haiyan in Philippines.
63.The 9th edition of India-Nepal Combined Military Exercise Surya Kiran IX has commenced at Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand. It will culminate on February 21, 2015. The 14-day-long combined battalion Level exercise is being conducted under the aegis of Panchshul Brigade of Central Command. Key facts In this edition, Indian Army is being represented by Infantry Battalion while from Nepalese Army, officers and troops of the elite Shree Rudra Dhoj Battalion are participating. During Surya Kiran IX, both armies will focus on upgradation of practical and tactical skills by sharing each other’s experiences. They will also focus on enhancing interoperability in Counter Terrorism and Jungle Warfare operations in mountain terrain. In it special focus and emphasis will be laid on humanitarian aid and disaster relief operations which will include aviation and medical aspects.
64.The International Fleet Review (IFR) 2016, an international military exercise hosted and conducted by Indian Navy was inaugurated in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. Theme of this edition on IFR is “United through Oceans” and its objective is to enhance mutual trust and confidence with neighbouring navies by inviting their ships to participate in the event. Key facts Total 11,000 guests are expected to attend the mega naval exercise including members of foreign delegations. It is perceived to be the biggest exercise conducted in India so far. Naval ships from 50 countries and various dignitaries will also participate in the event and close to 4000 sailors have participated in the fleet review. The 4 day review (from 4 to 8 February) aims at assuring the country of the Indian Navy’s preparedness, high morale and discipline. For the first time Chinese navy called as People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLA-N) is also participating in the event. In this edition of IFR special emphasis is given to Make In India on three dimensions — indigenisation, innovation and ingenuity. Indian Navy’s ships participating in this event includes, INS Vikramaditya- India’s biggest aircraft carrier, INS Viraat, destroyers INS Mysore, Kolkata, frigates-Satpura, Shivalik, Teg amongst others. The last IFR conducted by the Indian Navy in 2001 in Mumbai, Maharashtra in which navies of 29 countries from across the globe had participated.
65.Japan’s ShinMaywa Industries is planning to set up manufacturing plant of US-2 amphibious aircraft in India under ‘Make in India’ initiative to cater to international demands. The move comes as Indian Navy plans to procure 6 such aircrafts between 2017 and 2022 by signing a government to government deal i.e. initial purchase being off the shelf. Key facts The government to government defence deal for purchasing of US-2 amphibious aircraft will be having a 30 per cent offset clause. Under this clause, ShinMaywa will set up a manufacturing plant in India to cater to the global market since the demand for the aircraft is high. If the deal goes through, these aircrafts would be the first major export of Japanese defence item after the pacifist country had lifted its decades-long self-imposed embargo on export of weapons and India its first importer. US-2 amphibious aircraft: It has long-range civilian and military applications and can land on choppy waters. Indian Navy is seeking to purchase it in order to monitor India’s vast coastline, islands and for use is disaster relief.
66. Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) of Union Government has given its final approval to Kerala Government’s approval to set up India’s first Defence Industrial Park at Ottappalam. Proposal in this regard was forwarded by Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (Kinfra), a Kerala government owned Public Sector Company. Key facts The proposed defence park will be established as part of Union Government’s flagship Make in India programme and state government’s Make in Kerala project. It will have modern common infrastructure facilities aimed at attracting component manufacturers in the defence industry. Union government also has agreed to bring the park under the Modified Industrial Infrastructure Upgradation Scheme (MIIUS). The park would be established in 60 acres of land at cost of Rs. 231 crore with the financial help of Central and State government. Union government will invest Rs 50 crore in it while the rest of the amount would be met by the State government. Ottappalam was selected for the defence park keeling in view its strategic location in terms connectivity and other common facilities such as dedicated power and water supply along with infrastructure for the research and development centre. Implications: This defence park will play important role bridging the gap related to defence components manufacturing sector. This sector has demand estimated at 700 million dollars a year from India and other countries having friendly relationship with it. It will also provide platform for export of products related to defence from small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMSEs).
67.ndigenously-built surface-to-air Akash missile was successfully test fired from complex-3 of the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipuri in Odisha. Test: It was as part of a user trial mission in which 3 rounds of test were carried out by Indian Air Force (IAF) aiming at para-barrel targets. About Akash Missile Akash (in English it means sky) is a mid-range surface-to-air missile (SAM). Indigenously developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) under the Integrated Guided-Missile Development Programme (IGMDP). The missile has supersonic speeds ranging from Mach 2.8 to 3.5. It has capability to carry warhead of 60 kg. It can engage aerial targets up to a range of approximately 25 kms. It is powered by Ramjet-rocket propulsion system (RRPS) which renders thrust for the missile to intercept the target at supersonic speed without any retardation. It is capable of neutralising aerial targets like cruise missiles, fighter jets and air-to-surface missiles. The missile was formally inducted into the IAF in July 2015. The first missile was delivered in March 2012 to the IAF.
68.The 15th edition of bilateral exercise by the Indian Coast Guard and its Japanese counterpart titled ‘Sahayog-Kaijin 2016’ has begun off the coast of Chennai, Tamil Nadu in the Bay of Bengal. Key facts Focus of Exercise: Anti-piracy procedures, search and rescue operations and interoperability between the two forces and other areas of common professional interest. Highlights: Japanese Coast Guard ship Echigo along with its integral helicopter is participating. It will also involve Indian coast guard ships like Samudra Pahredar, Rajkamal, Vishwast, Rajtarang, Hovercraft, C-415, C-417, one Dornier and one Chetak helicopter. Background Sahayog-Kaijin bilateral exercise is a part of the cooperative arrangements between two Coast Guards for the last 15 years. It is also as part of the memorandum on cooperation (MoC) signed between the two countries in 2006. It is biennial bilateral exercise held once in two years and the venue would shift in both countries on alternate occasions.
69.The indigenously-built third generation anti-tank missile Nag was successfully test fired at Mahajan Field Firing Range in Rajasthan. Test During the test, the missile successfully hit the target 4 km away during a night trial validating enhanced capability of Imaging-Infrared seeker (IIS). It mainly guides the missile to the target. The main purpose of test to validate Thermal Target System (TTS) was also tested. TTS had simulated a target similar to an operational tank generating thermal signature. With this successful test Nag missile was now ready for final and pre-induction user trials. About Nag anti-tank guided missile Indigenously developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP). It is fire-and-forget anti-tank missile. HeliNa is a helicopter-launched version of Nag missile. Operational range: 500m to 4km (Land version), 7-10km (Air-launched). Guidance system: Incorporated with advance Active Imaging infra-red (IIR) seeker. It has been incorporated with HEAT (High explosive anti-tank) warhead also the top-attack all-weather fire-and-forget system capable of destroying modern tanks with armoured protection by nullifying their ERA (explosive reactive armour).
70. Anti-submarine warfare (ASW) corvette INS Kadmatt has been commission in the Indian Navy by Chief of the Naval Staff Admiral R K Dhowan at naval dockyard in Visakhapatnam It is the second ship of Project 28 (P28) class ASW corvettes and is the latest ship after Shivalik class, Kolkata class and INS Kamorta. About INS Kadmatt It is about 90 per cent indigenously designed by the Directorate of Naval Design (DND) and constructed by M/s Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd. The stealth anti-submarine warfare has been named after one of the large islands amongst the group of islands in Lakshadweep off the west coast of India. Dimensions: It spans 109 meters in length and 14 meters at the beam. Speed: It is propelled by 4 diesel engines to achieve speeds of 25 knots with an endurance of 3450 nautical and with a displacement of 3500 tonnes. Multitude of networks: It provides a contemporary and process oriented System of Systems for optimal functioning of the warship. It comprises Total Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS), Atmospheric Control System (TACS), Battle Damage Control System (BDCS), Personnel Locator System (PLS) and Integrated Bridge System (IBS). Stealth Technology: It has a low radio, magnetic, acoustic and Infra-red (IR) signature owing to a ‘X’ shaped hull form. It also has an IR suppression system which reduces the heat emitted by the ship reducing the infrared signature thereby defending the ship from heat seeking missiles. Weapons and sensors suite: It includes Combat Management System, Rocket Launcher, Torpedo Tube Launchers and Infra-Red Signature Suppression System to provide a ‘Common Operational Picture’. It also includes the rail-less helo traversing system and foldable hangar door for the integral ASW helicopter. It is equipped to fight in Nuclear, Biological and Chemical (NBC) warfare conditions. Comment INS Kadmatt would be an integral part of the Eastern Fleet and help to augment the mobility, reach and flexibility of Indian Navy. Its induction also marks yet another milestone in India’s journey towards self-reliance in Defence sector and Make-in-India.
71. India and France have started their eight-day counter-terrorism and counter-insurgency bilateral military exercise Shakti-2016 in Rajasthan. In this bilateral exercise, French contingent comprising 56 personnel of 35th Infantry Regiment of 7th Armoured Brigade are participating. Indian side is being represented by the 2nd Battalion of Garhwal Rifles which is part of the Sapta Shakti Command. Key facts Shakti-2016 joint exercise aims at conducting infantry tactical operations, combating conditioning in a counter-terrorism environment under the United Nations mandate. It will culminate the tactical exercise encompassing clearing of pockets of terrorists in rural and urban environment. The exercise will include firing, tactical operations, combat conditioning, heli-borne operations among others. This military exercise is an important step for both the armies to train together and gain from each other’s rich operational experience. It will also facilitate sharing of each other’s military experiences as both countries have deployed troops in counter-insurgency and counter-terrorist operations. 35th Infantry Regiment of 7th Armoured Brigade of French army has varied combat experiences, having served in Algeria, Africa, Iraq and Afghanistan, amongst other places. It origin dates back to its raising in 1604 at Lorraine (France) and has as many as 12 battle honours to its credit.
72.ndia and Israel jointly developed Long Range Surface to Air Missile (LRSAM) Barak 8 was successfully test fired from INS Kolkata. The firing trial of the LR SAM has been jointly carried out by the Indian Navy, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Israel Aerospace Industries. This successful test marks a significant milestone in enhancing Indian Navy’s Anti Air Warfare capability and also India-Israel relations. About Barak 8 missile LRSAM Barak 8 missile in Hebrew language means Lightning. It is an advanced, long-range missile defence and air defence system. Its main features are long range, active radar seeker missile, vertical launch and multiple simultaneous engagements. For the LRSAM, DRDO has developed dual pulse propulsion system along with other safety arm mechanisms for Solid Propulsion system. The LRSAM programme consists of Missiles, Weapon Control System, MFSTAR (Radar), Vertical Launcher unit and two- way data link. It is capable to counter a wide variety of air-borne threats such as anti-ship missiles, aircraft, UAVs and drones as well as supersonic cruise missiles. Barak 8 missiles will be incorporated onboard of the Kolkata Class Destroyers and also on all future major warships of the Indian Navy. This missile along with the Multi-Functional Surveillance and Threat Alert Radar (MF STAR) would provide these ships the capability to neutralize aerial threats at extended ranges.
73.ussia’s Rostech State Corporation has signed one billion US dollar deal with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) to manufacture 200 Kamov 226T light helicopters. These helicopters will be manufactured under make in India initiative and shall replace the ageing fleet of Cheetah and Chetak helicopters. This is the first Russian-Indian high-tech project implemented by the Indian government within the framework of the ‘Make in India’ programme with the help of Russia. Under this manufacturing deal Rostech State Corporation will organize in India the production of Russian Ka-226T and its modifications in around 200 units. It will also carry out maintenance, operation and repair of helicopters.
74.Scientist from Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) recently have successfully tested crucial anti-jamming capability of the Astra missile. During the trials missiles ECCM (electronic counter-counter measure) features to overcome any jamming was successfully evaluated. This test was conducted after the missile’s RF seeker and other electronic components were sought to be jammed in the earlier trials. With some more trials to be carried in future including air launch trial with a warhead, the missile will be inducted into the Indian Air Force (IAF) in 2015.
75.India’s first indigenously designed warship INS Godavari has been decommissioned after 32 years of service. It was decommissioned at Naval Dockyard in Mumbai (Maharashtra) after it completed its full life cycle, meeting all responsibilities and duties assigned in 3 decades of service. After decommissioning, the ship would be used as a target to practice missile firing for final burial at sea. About INS Godavari INS Godavari was the first of the three in her Class of guided-missile frigates and was commissioned into Indian Navy on 10 December 1983. The ship was considered as a symbol of India’s growing military might and self-reliance. It was first of three Godavari Class frigates, others being Ganga and Gomati Naval Operations: In its three decades of service, the warship took part in major naval operations including Operation Jupiter (1988) in Sri Lanka, Operation Shield and Operation Bolster (1994) for de-induction of Indian Army from Somalia, Patrol of Gulf of Aden (PoG) in 2009 and anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden in 2011. It was also part of ‘Operation Cactus’ in 1988 where India successfully thwarted a coup d’état against the Maldivian government.
76.Union Government has appointed former Chief Justice of Patna High Court Justice L Narasimha Reddy as head judicial committee on One Rank One Pension (OROP) scheme. The one member judicial committee will look into the implementation of OROP scheme for retired defence personnel. The Terms of Reference for the Committee The committee will examine and make recommendations on removal of anomalies arising In the implementation of the OROP Scheme as notified by the Union Government on 7th November 2015. Out of inter-services issues of the 3 forces due to implementation of the scheme. Implications on service matters in any other matter referred by the Union Government on implementation of the OROP or other related issues. In making its recommendations, the Committee shall take into account the financial impact of its recommendations. The Committee will have its headquarters in Delhi. All administrative support to the committee will be provided by Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare, Union Ministry of Defence. It would have a six-month deadline for submission of its recommendations.
77.The eighth edition of India-Russia joint naval exercise-INDRA NAVY-15 has begun in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. INDRA NAVY-15 is a bilateral maritime joint naval exercise between the Indian and Russian navies for epitomising the strategic relationship between the two countries. About INDRA NAVY-15 The primary aim is to increase interoperability between the navies of two countries and develop common understanding of procedures for maritime security operations. The scope includes wide- ranging professional interactions during the Harbour phase and spectrum of maritime operations during the Sea Phase. The Harbour Phase encompasses planning conferences ashore and table-top exercises prior to progressing to sea. The Sea Phase would include various facets of fleet operations. Indian Navy will be represented by: INS Sahyadri– an indigenous frigate, INS Ranvijay– a guided missile destroyer and INS Shakti-a Fleet Support Ship. It also is represented by INS Sindhuvir– a submarine, P81 Long Range Maritime Patrol Aircraft, Dornier Short Range Maritime Patrol Aircraft, Hawk Advanced Jet Trainer. Russian Federation Navy (RFN) will be represented by: 4 ships from Vladivostok based Pacific Fleet. They are Bystry-a destroyer, Varyag-a cruiser, Alatau-a rescue ocean going tug and Boris Butoma-a fleet tanker. INDRA NAVY-15 bilateral naval exercise was initiated in 2003. Since then, it has matured over the years with increasing scope, complexity of operations and level of participation. The eight edition of exercise will be another milestone in strengthening maritime security cooperation between the two navies. It will also serve to reinforce the long-standing bond of friendship between both countries.
78.44th Navy Day was observed on 4 December 2015. On this occasion, Chief of Naval staff Robin K Dhowan along with Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha and Army Chief General Dalbir Singh Suhag paid tributes to martyrs at the Amar Jawan Jyoti in New Delhi. President Pranab Mukherjee extended his greetings and felicitations to all members of the Indian Navy and their families on this occasion. Prime Minister Narendra Modi also extended his greetings to Indian Navy personnel and saluted their impregnable spirit and utmost devotion with which they protect our Motherland.
Background
- Every year Indian Navy celebrates Navy Day on December 4 to commemorate the success of the Operation Trident of 1971 India-Pakistan War.
- In this operation Indian Navy sank three Pakistani vessels near the largest Pakistani port of Karachi.
- Operation Trident had also resulted in first use of anti-ship missiles in the Arabian Sea region.
79. Indian Coast Guard has commissioned interceptor boat ‘ICGS C-422’ into its fleet to further enhance its vigil along Pondicherry and South Tamil Nadu coast in the Bay of Bengal. It was commissioned in a traditional ceremony held at Karaikal port in Tamil Nadu by Puducherry Assembly Speaker V Sabapathy. About ICGS C-422 ICGS C-422 is the 36th interceptor boat to be inducted into the Coast Guard service. The boat is capable of multiple tasks including interdiction, surveillance and search and rescue. It has been fitted with state-of-the-art communication, navigational equipment along with adequate fire power.
80. The nuclear-capable Dhanush ballistic missile was successfully test fired from warship Subhadra, off the Puri coast of Odisha in the Bay of Bengal. The test was conducted by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and it was a perfect mission as the missile hit the target point with high degree of accuracy.
About Dhanush missile
- One of the five missiles indigenously developed by the DRDO under its strategic Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP).
- The surface-to-surface missile is a naval variant of Prithvi-II missile and can carry both conventional as well as a nuclear payload of 500 kg.
- The missile has a length of 8.53 meters and is 0.9 meter wide. It is single-stage, liquid propelled which can hit both land and sea-based targets upto strike range of 350 kms.
- The missile already has been inducted into the armed Services. Naval variant of the missile was first successfully tested in 2012
83. INS Vishwakarma, the erstwhile Shipwright School (SWS) and a premier training establishment of the Indian Navy has been commissioned. It was commissioned by Admiral RK Dhowan, Chief of the Naval Staff at a formal ceremony held at Visakhapatnam. INS Vishwakarma was commissioned in keeping with the Navy’s thrust towards indigenisation and ‘Make in India’ initiative. It also was commissioned keeping in view the role of the SWS which has assumed greater significance presently in honing Indian Navy’s warship and submarine design.
Background
- Shipwright School (SWS) was established in 1941 at INS Shivaji for training shipwright artificers of Indian Navy.
- SWS was a premier technical establishment and alma mater for Naval Architect Officers, Shipwright Officers and Shipwright Sailors of the Indian Navy.
- It was subsequently shifted in 1943 to Naval Barracks, Mumbai (now INS Angre).
- In 1981, it was again shifted to the present premises at Visakhapatnam as a dedicated training establishment with independent facilities for training of shipwright apprentices.
84. Nuclear capable surface-to-surface Agni-IV missile was successfully test-fired by the Indian Army’s Strategic Forces Command (SFC). This was overall the fifth test of the Agni IV missile and earlier it had undergone 1 failed and 4 successful tests over the past five years. The last successful test was conducted in December 2014.
Test facts
The test missile was test fired from a road-mobile launcher from Abdul Kalam Island (formerly known as Wheeler Island) off the Odisha coast in the Bay of Bengal.
The test was spearheaded by India’s missile woman Ms. Tessy Thomas.
The missile has met all the mission parameters and was monitored by all radar stations, telemetry and electro-optical systems along the East Coast during the entire operation.
During the test, the missile accelerated to a height of about 600 km. While, re-entering the atmosphere the re-entry heat shield of missile with a dummy payload withstood 4000 degree Centigrade temperatures and splashed down near the pre-designated.
About Agni-IV Missile
- Agni-IV is a surface-to-surface missile and is capable of hitting a target at a distance of 4,000 km.
- Missile features: The two-stage solid-propelled missile is about 20 metres tall and weighs 17 tonnes.
- It is equipped with modern and advanced ring laser gyro-based Inertial Navigation system (RINS).
- The missile is supported by highly reliable redundant micro navigation system (MINGS) which gives it two-digit accuracy.
- It is also equipped with 5th generation onboard computer with a distributed architecture.
- Agni Missile Series SFC already has inducted three Agni series strategic missiles which gives India an effective deterrence capability.
- Inducted missiles are Agni-I (700 km), Agni-II (2,000 km) and Agni-III (3,000 km). Currently, Agni-IV (4,000 km) and Agni-V (5,000 km) are undergoing developmental and user trials for their induction.
85.The fourth edition of Sri Lanka-India bilateral naval exercise SLINEX 2015 held in Trincomalee coast, Sri Lanka.
The six days exercise seeks to reinforce the strong neighbourly ties underscored by extensive maritime interaction and improved understanding between neighbouring both countries.
Key facts
- SLINEX 15 seeks to enhance the capability of both navies to work together at sea and contribute towards maritime security in the region.
- It commenced with a Harbour Phase in which both participant navies were engaged in professional, cultural and social interactions.
- It will be followed by the Sea Phase in which complex operations including anti-piracy exercises, cross-deck helicopter operations, gun firings and anti-surface exercises will be undertaken.
- Indian Navy is represented by 2 missile corvettes viz. INS Kora, INS Kirpan and 1 offshore patrol vessel INS Savitri along with ship-borne integral helicopters.
- In addition, an Indian Naval maritime reconnaissance aircraft will also take part in the exercise.
- Sri Lankan Navy is represented by ships like Sayura, Sagara, Samudra, 6 Fast Attack Crafts, 1 Fast Missile Vessel and 2 Fast Gun Boats. SLINEX series of bilateral maritime exercises between India and Sri Lanka was initiated in 2005. Since then three successful naval engagements have been conducted
86.India-China Joint Military Training Exercise Hand in Hand 2015 concluded at Kunming Military Academy in Yunnan province of China.
It was fifth edition of the exercise between the two countries which had started on 12 October 2015.
The 12 day exercise concluded with a Joint Field Exercise between armies of both countries followed by a closing ceremony.
Key Facts
- Participating troops from both sides learned and trained together from each other in mixed groups on Basic Individual Skills and Comprehensive Combat Skills.
- The joint exercise also met its stated objectives by exchanging experience on counter-terrorist training and conducting counter-terrorist operations.
- It also enhanced mutual trust and understanding and promoted healthy military relations between the two armies
- This edition of exercise also gave emphasis on joint handling of counter terrorism, insurgency at sub-unit level and related issues.
- It also covered aspect of Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief at formation headquarters level.
- It should be noted that the Hand-in-Hand series of joint military exercise between armies of India and China was started in 2007
87.Union Ministry of Defence has divided erstwhile Maharashtra and Gujarat (MnG) Naval Area into two separate headquarters in order to enhance operational and administrative organizational structure.
They have been divided under Flag Officer Maharashtra Area and Flag Officer Gujarat Naval Area. The division will help For better vigilance on the sea border with Pakistan In better communication and coordination with the respective state governments, local authorities and fishermen. The charge of Flag Officer Maharashtra Area was assumed by Rear Admiral Satish Namdeo Ghormade. While, Rear Admiral Murlidhar Pawar will assume as Flag Officer of Gujarat Naval Area. Background The idea of dividing the existing Maharashtra and Gujarat Naval Area into two parts was mooted after considering breach in naval security from Pakistan’s side on at least on two occasions i.e. 26/11 terrorist attack in 2008 and destroying of ship carrying ammunition by Indian Navy in 2014.
88. Defence Research Development Organisation’s (DRDO’s) Missile Complex in Hyderabad has been renamed as Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Missile Complex.
-It was renamed after late President and Missile Man A P J Abdul Kalam on the occasion of his 84th birth anniversary in a ceremony presided by Union Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar.
-The function was held at the Research Centre Imarat (RCI). Dr Kalam was RCI’s Founder-Director and had steered it as a generator of critical missile technologies.
89.India, United States and Japan navies have started 2015 Malabar Naval Exercise of the eastern coast in Bay of Bengal and India Ocean.
The high-end warfighting and complex trilateral exercise is part of annual series of exercises conducted to advance multi-national maritime relationships and mutual security issues.
Key facts
- The five-day exercise includes both ashore and at-sea training exercises, that would share knowledge on carrier strike group operations, anti-submarine warfare, maritime patrol etc.
- Military-to-military coordination, submarine familiarisation, air defence and surface warfare exercise sessions will be also undertaken at-sea.
- The joint fleet of 3 navies will include warships, aircraft carriers and fast attack submarines.
- Total Ten ships, five from India, four from US and one from Japan are participating.
- US Ships: Aircraft carrier USS Theodore Roosevelt embarked with Carrier Air Wing 1 having 90 fighter aircrafts. Guided-missile cruiser USS Normandy (CG60), USS Nimitz, Littoral combat ship USS Fort Worth (LCS-3), P-8A Poseidon maritime surveillance aircraft and fast attack nuclear submarine.
- Indian Ships: Rajput class destroyer, 2 other ships, a conventional submarine and a P-8I maritime surveillance aircraft. Japanese Maritime Self Defence Force is deploying an Akizuki-class guided missile destroyer.
90.The third edition of India- Sri Lanka Joint Training Exercise Mitra Shakti-2015 concluded at Aundh Military Camp in Pune, Maharashtra. 14 days of joint training had started on 29 September 2015 and included understanding of transnational terrorism, developing interoperability and conduct of joint tactical operations. The exercise demonstrated the determination of both countries to work closely with each other to eradicate the menace of terrorism in all its forms.
91.Indian Air Force (IAF) on 8 October 2015 celebrated its 83rd foundation day at the Hindon Air Force Station in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh.
Significance of Day: It was celebrated for first in 1932 as an auxiliary air force of Indian Empire.
The celebration of day seeks to increase the awareness about the importance of IAF as an important part of the national security.
Celebrations:
- The Air Force Day Parade was held at the base along with the investiture ceremony. The Air Force Warrior drill team including women officers displayed rifle handling skills along with march past as part of the parade.
- Various airplanes of the IAF were on display.
- The re-constituted Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team which was showcased for the first time. Also, planes like the Sukhoi-30 MKI, MIG-21, MIG-29, Globemaster, Hercules and Mirage 2000 performed multiple maneuvers.
- Cricket legend Sachin Tendulkar was also present at the ceremony. He was designated as post of Honorary Group Captain in the IAF in 2010. He is the first sportsperson to be honoured with such distinction by IAF.
Hindon Air Force Base: This base is located in Ghaziabad in Uttar Pradesh and is under the Western Air Command. It is the biggest and largest air base in Asia and 8th in the world. It is located on the outskirts of the Hindon River.
92. INS Astradharani was commissioned into Indian Navy at Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.
It is Indian Navy’s first totally indigenously-designed and built Torpedo launch and recovery vessel (TRV).
It is advanced replacement for INS Astravahini which was decommissioned from India Navy in July, 2015.
Key features of INS Astradharani
- The unique design has been formulate by a collaborative effort of Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL), IIT Kharagpur and Shoft Shipyard.
- It is 50-metre twin-hulled warship with maximum speed of 15 knots (28 km/h).
- Fitted with Catamaran Hull configuration design i.e. consisting of two parallel hulls (twin hulled) which significantly reduces its power requirement.
- It will function and operate under the Eastern Fleet of Indian Navy. The ship has a complement of 2 officers, 27 sailors and can carry 13 scientists.
- It will carry out the technical trials of underwater weapons and systems like torpedoes and mines.
- The induction of INS Astradharani adds thrust to the India’s ongoing endeavours towards indigenisation under Make in India campaign.
- It also has helped to meet country’s goal of self-reliance in underwater weapons development.
93.An indigenously developed second generation anti-tank guided missile, Amogha-I was successfully test fired.
Test: Test firing was carried out on September 10, 2015 at Babina Army Range, Madhya Pradesh.
In the test two missiles were fired and both hit targets placed at 2.8 km as well as 2.6 km respectively. Both missile flights met all design parameters and designed path profile without any deviation.
About Amogha-I Missile
Indigenously developed by state owned Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL). It has maximum target range of 2.8 kms. The missiles will be inducted into Indian Army after due qualification and validation trials.
94.The sixth Indo-Maldives joint Training Exercise, KUVERIN 2015 has commenced at Pangode Military Station in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala.
- Aim of the Joint Exercise is to acquaint forces of both countries with each other’s operating procedure and increase understanding and interoperability between Armies of both countries.
- In this edition of joint exercise, total of 45 soldiers each from Indian Army (BIHAR Regiment) and the Maldivian National Defence Force will take part.
- The exercise will cover varied military training activities in order to enhance interoperability between the two defence forces. It will conclude with tactical exercises.
- It should be noted that the sixth Indo-Maldives joint Training Exercise commenced on 31 August 2015 and it will conclude on 13 September 2015 with the closing ceremony involving cultural events by various military display teams along with aerial acrobatics display by Sarang Team of Indian Air force.
95. Inaugural bilateral maritime exercise between India and Australia AUSINDEX15, commenced off coast of Visakhapatnam. The inaugural biennial exercise began with briefings and practical demonstrations ashore between Royal Australian Navy and Indian Navy before moving to sea. In this maiden edition of exercise Three Royal Australian Navy ships viz HMA Ships Sirius (fleet tanker), Arunta (Anzac class frigate) and Sheehan (Collins class submarine) and a Royal Australian Air Force P3C Orion survelliance aircraft have participated. They will train with Indian Navy Ships Ranvijayi (Guided missile destroyer), Shivalik (Stelton frigate) and Shakti (fleet tanker) along with P-8I Maritime Patrol Aircraft. It will also include tabletop exercises, practical demonstrations and scenarios ashore and sea phase. AUSINDEX15 naval exercise between navies of both countries is held in line with the Framework for Security Co-operation. The framework was announced by the Australian and Indian Prime Ministers in 2014.
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